机场特殊停机位指派问题研究综述  

A Comprehensive Review of Special Stand Assignment Problem at Airports

作　　者：王怡人 胡荣[1] 关佳雨 魏鼎功 唐小卫[1] WANG Yi-ren;HU Rong;GUAN Jia-yu;WEI Ding-gong;TANG Xiao-wei(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学,江苏南京211000

出　　处：《航空计算技术》2025年第2期125-128,134,共5页Aeronautical Computing Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(U2433204,52372315);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目资助(SJCX24_0140,SJCX23_0107)。

摘　　要：随着航空业的快速发展和乘客期望的不断提高,如何有效管理和科学指派特殊停机位已成为保障机位运行安全、提升运营效率和改进服务质量的重要课题。紧扣运行安全、空防安全、使用功能三个视角,明确了特殊停机位的定义和特征;针对减少冲突风险、提高旅客满意度和机场运行效率的不同诉求,分析在构建特殊停机位指派问题的数学模型时所考量的优化目标和约束条件;梳理了特殊停机位指派问题的精确算法、启发式算法和仿真模拟三类求解算法;从模型普适性、多目标权衡、算法创新和实时动态调整等方面展望了特殊停机位指派问题未来研究趋势。As the aviation industry grows fast and passenger expectations rise,how to manage and assign special airport stand effectively has become an important topic to ensure the safety of aircraft operation,enhance efficiency and improve service quality.Firstly,the definition and characteristics of special airport stand are clarified from the perspectives of operation safety,defense safety and function.Secondly,the optimization objectives and constraints considered in constructing the mathematical models of the special stand assignment problem are analyzed on different demands of reducing the conflict risk,improving passenger satisfaction and airport operation efficiency.Then,three types of solution algorithms are explored,namely,exact algorithms,heuristic algorithms,and simulation.Finally,future research trends of the special stand assignment problem in terms of universality,multi-objective optimization,algorithmic innovations and real-time dynamic adjustment are envisaged.

关 键 词：停机位指派 资源分配 运行安全 多目标优化 港湾机坪 

分 类 号：V35[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]