利用转录组挖掘六妹羊肚菌生长发育相关基因  

Transcriptome Analysis of Growth and Development-Related Genes in Morchella sextelata

作　　者：胡继鹏 鲍大鹏[1,2] 杨瑞恒[1,2] 高贺宇 仝乐涛 徐爱国 唐利华 HU Jipeng;BAO Dapeng;YANG Ruiheng;GAO Heyu;TONG Letao;XU Aiguo;TANG Lihua(Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization(South),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Shanghai 201403,China;College of Food Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Institute of Plateau Biology,Xizang Autonomous Region,Lasa 850000,Xizang,China)

机构地区：[1]国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,农业部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室,上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海201403 [2]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [3]西藏自治区高原生物研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2025年第2期9-19,共11页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：西藏自治区重点研发计划(XZ202201ZY0010N)。

摘　　要：对六妹羊肚菌(Morchella sextelata)的菌丝体(M)、幼小子实体(FS)和成熟子实体(FB)进行转录组测序。差异表达基因(DEGs)分析结果显示,FS与M相比共鉴定出13500个DEGs,FB与FS相比共鉴定出957个DEGs。GO功能富集分析表明,FS与M的DEGs主要富集在碳水化合物代谢过程、膜和催化活性等条目中;FB与FS的DEGs主要富集在氧化还原过程、氧化还原酶活性和呼吸链等条目中。KEGG代谢途径富集分析显示,FS与M的DEGs主要富集在淀粉和蔗糖代谢、氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢和自噬等通路中;FB与FS比较组的DEGs主要富集在酪氨酸代谢、糖酵解/糖异生、氧化磷酸化等通路中。筛选到与羊肚菌生长发育相关的重要差异表达基因包括编码转录因子、自噬、漆酶和碳水化合物酶(CAZymes)相关基因(ap1、atg8、laccase2、laccase4、bgl2、exg1)。酶活测定结果表明,CAZymes(α-葡萄糖苷酶、β-1,3-葡萄糖苷酶)和漆酶(laccase2和laccase4)在子实体阶段的活性显著高于菌丝体阶段,且在成熟子实体中活性最高。本研究结果可为阐明羊肚菌生长发育机制及相关功能基因挖掘提供参考。Transcriptmone sequencing was carried out on mycelia(M), young fruiting bodies(FS), and mature fruiting bodies(FB) of Morchella sextelata. Analysis of differentially expressed genes(DEGs) revealed a total of 13 500 DEGs between FS and M, and 957 DEGs between FB and FS. GO enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs between FS and M were primarily enriched in carbohydrate metabolic processes, membrane functions,and catalytic activities, whereas the DEGs between FB and FS were mainly enriched in oxidation-reduction process, oxidoreductase activities, and respiratory chain functions. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs between FS and M were primarily enriched in pathways related to starch and sucrose metabolism,amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and autophagy, whereas the DEGs between FB and FS were mainly enriched in pathways associated with tyrosine metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and oxidative phosphorylation. The identified key DEGs associated with growth and development of M. sextelata included genes encoding transcription factors, autophagy-related proteins, laccases, and carbohydrate-active enzymes(CAZymes), i.e., ap1, atg8, laccase2, laccase4, bgl2 and exg1. The activities of α-glucosidase, β-1,3-glucanase,laccase-2 and laccase-4 were significantly higher in FB and FS than those in M, with the highest activity observed in FB. These results provided a reference for understanding the mechanisms underlying the growth and development of Morchella spp. and identification of relevant functional genes.

关 键 词：羊肚菌 转录组 生长发育 漆酶 碳水化合物酶 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]