整合分析秸秆还田对中国主要粮食作物磷肥利用率的影响  

Effects of straw returning on phosphorus use efficiency of major grain crops in China:a meta-analysis

作　　者：宫志锋[1] 吴泽璐 丁可欣 佘文静 柴如山[1] 王擎运[1] 汪建飞[2] 马超[1] GONG Zhi-feng;WU Ze-lu;DING Ke-xin;SHE Wen-jing;CHAI Ru-shan;WANG Qing-yun;WANG Jian-fei;MA Chao(Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Efficient Utilization of Nutrient Resources,Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer of Anhui Province,Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restoration,College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei Anhui 230036;Anhui Science and Technology University,Chuzhou Anhui 233100)

机构地区：[1]农田生态保育与养分资源高效利用安徽省重点实验室,安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心,自然资源部江淮耕地资源保护与生态修复重点实验室,安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽科技学院,安徽滁州233100

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2025年第2期249-257,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：安徽省重大专项(202103a06020012);国家自然科学基金(32071628);农田生态保育与养分资源高效利用安徽省重点实验室开放课题(FECPP202101);安徽省绿色矿山工程研究中心开放基金课题。

摘　　要：为明确秸秆还田对中国主要粮食作物磷肥利用率的影响,探究不同环境条件和农业措施下作物磷肥利用率的主要影响因素。基于秸秆还田对作物磷肥利用率影响的27篇文献163条数据,利用整合分析,探究作物磷素吸收量和磷肥利用率对秸秆还田的响应。结果表明,整体上与秸秆不还田相比,秸秆还田可以显著提升磷素吸收量(效应值的范围为7.78%~16.44%),但对磷肥利用率无显著影响。在秸秆还田条件下,高磷(全磷含量0.75~1.50 g/kg;有效磷含量>20 mg/kg)土壤相比于低磷土壤具有更好地提升磷素吸收量的效果,偏酸性(pH<6.5)的土壤也更有利于磷素吸收量的提升。磷肥施用量、秸秆施用量、秸秆种类和作物种类均会显著影响磷肥利用率和磷素吸收量。此外,线性拟合结果显示磷肥利用率与全磷、有机质和pH分别呈极显著(P<0.01)、显著(P<0.05)和显著(P<0.05)线性负相关;磷素吸收量与有机质呈显著线性负相关(P<0.05)。综上,在水热条件较好的季风气候区域,低有机质高磷含量的壤土上进行玉米秸秆还田能够更好地提升磷肥吸收利用效率。施肥量和秸秆施用量需要根据具体的实际情况进行考虑。研究结果为提高作物磷肥利用效率和制定秸秆资源可持续农业生产策略提供科学依据。The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of phosphorus use efficiency of major grain crops in Chinese farmland to straw return and its key regulatory factors in different environmental conditions and field management.Based on 163 sets of data from 27 literatures on the effect of straw returning on phosphorus use efficiency in China’s farmland,meta-analysis was used to investigate the response of straw returning on phosphorus absorption and utilization.The results showed that straw returning significantly increased the amount of phosphorus uptake(range of effect size was from 7.78%to 16.44%)while had no significant effect on phosphorus use efficiency.High soil phosphorus(total phosphorus content was 0.75-1.50 g/kg;available phosphorus content>20 mg/kg)had a better effect on increasing phosphorus uptake than that of low soil phosphorus,and soil with pH<6.5 was also more conducive to increasing phosphorus uptake under straw returning.The application rate of phosphorus,straw application rate,straw type,and crop type all significantly affect phosphorus use efficiency and phosphorus uptake.Moreover,the total phosphorus(P<0.01),organic matter(P<0.05)and pH(P<0.05)showed significant negative correlation with the phosphorus use efficiency.Phosphorus uptake had a linear negative correlation with organic matter(P<0.05).In conclusion,in the monsoon climate area with good hydrothermal conditions,returning corn straw to the loam with low organic matter and high phosphorus content had a better effect of improving the absorption and utilization of phosphorus fertilizer.The amount of fertilizer and straw application need to be considered according to the specific situation.This study provided a reference for improving phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency and formulating agricultural production strategies for sustainable straw resources development.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 主要粮食作物 磷肥利用率 磷素吸收量 整合分析 

分 类 号：S141.2[农业科学—肥料学] S141.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]