高密度电法在煤矿采空区勘探中的应用研究  

Application research of high-density electrical method in coal mine goaf exploration

作　　者：王瑞龙 孙丽苹 赵恒 Wang Ruilong;Sun Liping;Zhao Heng(The Prevention and Control Center for the Geological Disaster of Henan Geological Bureau,Zhengzhou 450012,China;Engineering Technology Research Center for Henan Geological Environment Protection and Ecological Restoration,Zhengzhou 450012,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省地质局地质灾害防治中心,河南郑州450012 [2]河南省地质环境保护与生态修复工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450012

出　　处：《能源与环保》2025年第3期94-98,共5页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

摘　　要：由于煤矿大规模和高强度开采,矿井区域内普遍出现了大量不同类型、深度和规模的采空区,并最终造成地面塌陷,对地面环境造成严重影响,也增加了发生地质灾害的风险。目前,煤田采空区勘探工作可采用的物探方法较多,包括重力法、磁法、常规直流电法、电磁法、地震法和放射性测量等,但在适应性上存在着一定的差异。研究区位于河南西部某煤矿企业内,综合分析地质、经济等因素,采用高密度电法的可行性最高。结合前期勘查资料数据,利用高密度电法Res2Dmod模拟软件建立数值模拟模型,确定不同类型采空区的特征因素;基于现场实测数据,并结合已有的数值模拟分析结果,确定区内存在4个典型煤矿采空区;通过现场钻探方法,对基于高密度电法的煤矿采空区勘探结果进行了验证。验证结果与高密度电法推断解译成果吻合度较高,表明本次探测的准确度较高,可为后期恢复治理工作提供充分的科学依据。Due to the large-scale and high-intensity mining of coal mines,a large number of different types,depths,and scales of goaf have generally appeared in the mining area,ultimately causing ground subsidence,seriously affecting the ground environment,and increasing the risk of geological disasters.At present,there are many geophysical methods that can be used for the exploration of goaf in coalfields,including gravity method,magnetic method,conventional DC electrical method,electromagnetic method,seismic method,and radiometric measurement,but there are certain differences in adaptability.The research area is located within a coal mining enterprise in western Henan.After comprehensive analysis of geological,economic and other factors,the feasibility of using high-density electrical methods is the highest.Based on the previous exploration data,a numerical simulation model was established using the high-density electrical method Res2Dmod simulation software to determine the characteristic factors of different types of goafs;based on on-site measured data and combined with existing numerical simulation analysis results,it was determined that there are four typical coal mine goafs in the area;the exploration results of coal mine goaf based on high-density electrical method were verified through on-site drilling method.The verification results are highly consistent with the interpretation results of high-density electrical method inference,indicating that the accuracy of this detection is high and can provide sufficient scientific basis for later restoration and treatment work.

关 键 词：高密度电法 煤矿采空区 采空区勘探 

分 类 号：P631.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]