考虑阻尼影响的虚拟同步发电机暂态同步稳定性量化分析  

Quantitative Analysis of Transient Synchronization Stability of Virtual Synchronous Generator Considering Damping Effect

作　　者：张静怡 田震 李锡林[1,2] 黄萌 曹侃 查晓明[1,2] ZHANG Jingyi;TIAN Zhen;LI Xilin;HUANG Meng;CAO Kan;ZHA Xiaoming(Hubei Key Laboratory of Power Equipment&System Security for Integrated Energy,Wuhan 430072,China;School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]综合能源电力装备及系统安全湖北省重点实验室,湖北省武汉市430072 [2]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,湖北省武汉市430072 [3]国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,湖北省武汉市430070

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2025年第7期13-24,共12页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(4000-202399378A-2-2-ZB)。

摘　　要：随着新能源发电机组的大规模并网,电力系统面临严峻的暂态同步失稳风险。基于虚拟同步发电机(VSG)控制的构网型变流器通过模拟同步发电机组的动力学特性以实现与电网的同步,具有较好的频率和电压支撑能力。为精确量化虚拟惯量和阻尼对VSG暂态同步稳定性的影响,文中提出一种基于迭代等面积法则的VSG暂态同步稳定性分析方法。基于能量守恒原理,通过设计迭代算法得到临界稳定条件下的变流器频率-功角分布函数,精确量化了VSG惯量和阻尼项做功对暂态过程中加减速面积的影响。通过比较不同控制器参数和电网参数下的暂态稳定域大小,量化了参数对暂态稳定边界的影响。最后,利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真和RT-LAB硬件在环实验验证了所提稳定性分析方法的有效性和优越性。所提出的迭代等面积法则保守性较低,可实现对暂态稳定边界的精确快速计算。With the large-scale integration of renewable energy generators,the power system faces a severe risk of transient synchronization instability.The grid-forming converter controlled by the virtual synchronous generator(VSG) simulates the dynamic characteristics of the synchronous generator to achieve synchronization with the power grid,which has good frequency and voltage support ability.In order to accurately quantify the effects of virtual inertia and damping on the transient synchronization stability of VSG,this paper proposes a transient synchronization stability analysis method of VSG based on the iterative equal area criterion.Based on the principle of energy conservation,an iterative algorithm is designed to obtain the frequency-power angle distribution function of the converter under critical stability conditions.Thus,the effects of VSG inertia and the work done by the damping term on the acceleration and deceleration areas of the transient process are accurately quantified.By comparing the sizes of transient stability regions with different controller and grid parameters,the influence of parameters on the transient stability boundary is quantified.Finally,the MATLAB/Simulink simulation and the RT-LAB hardware-in-the-loop experiments are used to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed stability analysis method.The conservatism of the proposed iterative equal area criterion is extremely low,and can realize the accurate and fast calculation of the transient stability boundary.

关 键 词：构网型变流器 虚拟同步发电机 暂态同步稳定性 惯量 阻尼 迭代等面积法则 

分 类 号：TM712[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]