考虑多目标全场景的大规模光伏集群送端系统无功优化配置  

Optimal Configuration of Reactive Power for Large-scale Photovoltaic Cluster Sending-end System Considering Multiple Objectives and All Scenarios

作　　者：蔡锱涵 管霖[1] 张野 唐王倩云 黄磊 胡诗俊 CAI Zihan;GUAN Lin;ZHANG Ye;TANG Wangqianyun;HUANG Lei;HU Shijun(School of Electric Power Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;Electric Power Research Institute of China Southern Power Grid Company Limited,Guangzhou 510663,China;China Southern Power Grid Company Limited,Guangzhou 510663,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学电力学院,广东省广州市510641 [2]南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广东省广州市510663 [3]中国南方电网有限责任公司,广东省广州市510663

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2025年第7期91-102,共12页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U22B6007);中国南方电网有限责任公司科技项目(ZBKJXM20232278)。

摘　　要：大规模光伏集群通过多级交流输电线路组网并经柔性直流线路外送面临远距离输送、潮流频繁波动、缺乏常规同步电源支撑等挑战,无功电源配置成为确保系统稳定运行的关键之一。基于此,针对无同步电源支撑的大规模光伏集群送端系统,对多电压等级、大容量远距离交流输电系统中各级变电站的无功补偿优化配置问题进行了研究。根据无功规划中无功资源的全场景适应能力需求,提出包络式代表日场景集提取方法,并采用基于场景分解与组合的方法快速形成代表日无功优化补偿序列;为了提升系统在扰动后的动态调节能力,提出考虑换流站无功-电压控制裕度的多目标优化模型;针对新能源出力时序波动性所导致的静态无功补偿装置投切状态耦合问题,提出基于动态聚类平滑(DCS)的无功补偿分组配置方法。最后,通过中国西部某大规模光伏送端系统的实际算例验证表明,所提方法能够全面覆盖运行场景的无功-电压需求,在有效提升系统稳定性的同时显著降低计算复杂度,具有较好的通用性与高效性。Large-scale photovoltaic(PV) clusters collects through multi-level AC transmission lines and transmits via flexible DC lines.They face the challenges such as long-distance transmission,frequent power flow fluctuations,and the lack of support from conventional synchronous power sources.The reactive power generation configuration becomes one of keys to ensure the stable operation of systems.Based on this,aiming at the sending-end system of large-scale PV clusters without synchronous power source support,the optimal configuration problems of reactive power compensation in substations at all levels in a multi-voltage level,high-capacity,long-distance AC transmission system are studied.To meet the requirements for the all-scenario adaptability of reactive power sources in reactive power planning,an envelope-based scenario set extraction method of the representative days is proposed,and a scenario decomposition and combination method is adopted to form a reactive power optimization and compensation sequence of the representative days quickly.Additionally,to improve the dynamic regulation capability of the system after disturbances,a multi-objective optimization model that considers the reactive power-voltage control margin of converter stations is proposed.Addressing the switching-state coupling issues of static reactive compensation devices caused by the fluctuations in the power output sequence of renewable energy,a dynamic clustering smoothing(DCS) method for grouping the configuration of reactive power compensation is proposed.Finally,the case verification is conducted on a practical large-scale PV sending-end system in the western region of China,and the verificaiton results demonstrate that the proposed method can comprehensively cover all the reactive power-voltage demands of operation scenarios and effectively improve the system stability while significantly reducing the computational complexity,and has good generality and efficiency.

关 键 词：光伏集群 送端系统 无功优化配置 静态无功补偿 动态聚类平滑 场景分解与组合 新能源 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]