基于主从博弈的新型电力系统惯量需求优化调度策略  

Optimal Scheduling Strategy for Inertial Demand of New Power System Based on Stackelberg Game

作　　者：赵正晖 王夏楠 齐步洋 庞湃 汪洋[1] 张千[3] ZHAO Zhenghui;WANG Xianan;QI Buyang;PANG Pai;WANG Yang;ZHANG Qian(School of Electrical Information Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192,China;School of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学电气信息工程学院,江苏省镇江市212013 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京市100192 [3]江苏大学农业工程学院,江苏省镇江市212013

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2025年第7期179-188,共10页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究项目(23KJB210006);镇江市重点研发计划(产业前瞻与共性关键技术)资助项目(GY2023001)。

摘　　要：新型电力系统相较于同步发电机主导的传统电力系统呈现出明显的低惯量、低阻尼等特征,给系统稳定运行带来了新的挑战。为保证系统维持较高的惯量水平,文中提出一种基于主从博弈的新型电力系统惯量需求优化调度策略。策略由领导者和追随者组成,其中,领导者框架解决调度经济成本最小化问题,追随者框架解决系统惯量配置最优问题。该模型考虑系统最小惯量需求,并配置额外惯量储备,以应对惯量不足的场景,同时确保额外补充惯量的经济收益和整体调度经济性最优。在评估系统惯量需求时,由于变流器接口资源所提供的惯量易受其多变工况影响,不利于系统最低惯量评估和系统惯量配置,为此提出虚拟惯量可靠性概念,根据不同运行工况给定虚拟惯量可靠性系数,以提高新能源发电厂惯量评估的准确性。算例结果表明,所提优化调度策略有助于提升系统运行时的频率稳定性并保证经济性。Compared with traditional power systems dominated by synchronous generators,new power systems exhibit distinct characteristics such as low inertia and low damping,which introduce new challenges to ensuring stable operation for the system.To ensure that the system maintains a high level of inertia during each time,this paper proposes an optimal scheduling strategy for the inertia demand of new power systems based on the Stackelberg game.The strategy consists of leaders and followers,where the leader framework solves the problem of minimizing scheduling economic costs,and the follower framework solves the problem of optimizing system inertia configuration.This model considers the minimum inertia demand of the system and configures additional inertia reserves to cope with the scenarios with insufficient inertia,while ensuring the economic benefits of additional supplementary inertia and the optimal overall scheduling economy.When evaluating the inertia demand of the system,the inertia provided by the inverter interface resources is easily affected by its variable operation conditions,which is not conducive to the minimum inertia evaluation and inertia configuration of the system.Therefore,the concept of virtual inertia reliability is proposed,and virtual inertia reliability coefficients are given according to different operation conditions to improve the accuracy of inertia evaluation in renewable energy power plants.Case studies validate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal scheduling strategy,demonstrating its ability to improve frequency stability during system operation while preserving economic efficiency.

关 键 词：新型电力系统 惯量 频率稳定 优化调度 主从博弈 虚拟惯量可靠性 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]