大鳍鳠人工繁殖技术优化  

Optimization research on artificial reproduction technology of Mystus macropterus

作　　者：李晓莉[1] 吴兴兵[1] 李学梅[1] 史则超[1] 张远松 刘涛[1] 朱永久[1] 程保琳[1] LI Xiaoli;WU Xingbing;LI Xuemei;SHI Zechao;ZHANG Yuansong;LIU Tao;ZHU Yongjiu;CHENG Baolin(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,农业农村部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室,湖北武汉430223

出　　处：《水产学报》2025年第4期118-126,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2400902);湖北省长江野生鱼类繁育驯化科技攻关项目;国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-46);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2023TD61)。

摘　　要：【目的】提高大鳍鳠繁殖效率。【方法】实验通过对大鳍鳠人工授精工艺进行优化,研究了不同精子保存液(A~F)、精卵数量比(5.0×10^(4)、1.0×10^(5)、1.5×10^(5)和2.0×10^(5))、激活液(mL)与卵子(g)体积质量比(2∶1、1∶1和1∶2)、配子接触时长(2、3和4 min)及卵子质量(正常卵、过熟卵)等条件下对大鳍鳠受精孵化的影响。【结果】不同保存液对精子活力和受精率、孵化率有显著影响,其中C液效果最好,受精率、孵化率分别达到60.22%、41.55%;精卵数量比从5.0×10^(4)提高到1.0×10^(5),受精率和孵化率显著上升,当精卵数量比为1.0×10^(5)~2.0×10^(5)时,各实验组之间无显著差异,通过建立回归方程确定了精子密度与受精率之间的关系;激活液∶卵重=2∶1时受精率最高,显著高于1∶1组和1∶2组,后二者之间无显著差异;根据配子接触时长设计的3个组,受精率为54.21%~59.29%,孵化率为37.40%~40.91%,3组之间差异不显著;卵成熟状态对大鳍鳠受精率影响显著,过熟卵的受精率(24.00%)显著低于正常卵(34.38%)。【结论】研究筛选出了大鳍鳠适宜的精子保存液、精卵数量比,激活液的量、受精时长等,可为大鳍鳠规模化高效繁育提供参考。Mystus macropterus,which belongs to the Bagrdae family of the Siluriformes order of Osteichthyes,was a fastgrowing and large economic fish species found naturally in the mainstream and tributaries of the Yangtze and Pearl Rivers.It had high levels of protein,fat,essential amino acids,and umami amino acids,making it highly valued for consumption.However,the lack of breakthroughs in large-scale breeding of this species hindered its industrial development.This study aimed to improve the breeding efficiency of M.macropterus by optimizing its artificial insemination process.The study investigated the effect of different sperm preservation solutions(A-F),sperm-to-egg ratios(5.0×10^(4),1.0×10^(5),1.5×10^(5) and 2.0×10^(5)),activation solution(mL)to egg(g)ratio(2∶1,1∶1 and 1∶2),duration of gamete contact(2,3 and 4 min),and egg quality(normal or overripe)on fertilization rate of M.macropterus.The experimental results showed that different preservation solutions significantly affected sperm vitality,fertilization rate and hatching rate.Among them,the C solution had the best effect with a fertilization rate of 60.22% and a hatching rate of 41.55%.Meanwhile,the fertilization rate significantly increased with the increase of sperm-to-egg ratio from 5.0×10^(4) to 1.0×10^(5).There was no significant difference in fertilization rate and hatching rate when the sperm-to-egg ratio was between 1.0×10^(5) and 2.0×10^(5),and a regression equation was established to determine the relationship between sperm density and fertilization rate.In addition,the highest fertilization rate and hatching rate was achieved when the ratio of activating solution to egg weight was 2∶1,which was significantly higher than that of 1∶1 group and 1∶2 group.There was no significant difference between the latter two.The fertilization rate ranged from 54.21% to 59.29%,and the hatching rate ranged from 37.40% to 40.91% in the three designed sperm-egg contact durations,and there was no significant difference among them.The maturation status o

关 键 词：大鳍鳠 精子保存液 精卵数量比 激活液与卵子配比 配子接触时长 卵子质量 

分 类 号：S961.2[农业科学—水产养殖]