山西黄土高原淤地坝除险加固工程主要技术难点和处理方法  

Main Technical Difficulties and Solutions in the Reinforcement and Consolidation Projects of Sediment Retention Dams in the Loess Plateau of Shanxi

作　　者：马占东 Ma Zhandong(Shanxi Provincial Water Resources Development Center,Taiyuan.Shanxi 030002,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省水利发展中心,山西太原030002

出　　处：《山西水土保持科技》2025年第1期49-51,共3页Soil and Water Conservation Science and Technology in Shanxi

摘　　要：总结黄土高原淤地坝除险加固相关经验,可为病险淤地坝除险加固提供技术支撑。文章系统分析了笔者20多年来淤地坝一线设计、审查及施工实践经验,提出了黄土高原区淤地坝除险加固工作主要技术难点与处理办法。取得以下研究成果:(1)坝体结构老化与损坏,涉及坝体裂缝、渗漏、坝坡滑坡等问题,需对损坏部位精准探测后,采取相应的填补、灌浆等修复措施;(2)放水建筑物老化或功能失效,卧管、涵洞破损,需进行针对性改造修复来恢复正常放水功能;溢洪道泄洪能力不足时,需合理拓宽、加深溢洪道或优化其结构,保障泄洪安全。研究成果可为淤地坝的安全运行提供技术支持。There are many technical challenges in the risk elimination and reinforcement project for check dams.For instance,structural aging and deterioration of dam bodies may manifest as cracks,seepage,or even landslide.These issues were precise detected for the damaged parts,and repired by and the corresponding measures such as filling and preasure grouting.For the aging or functional failure of water discharge structures,such as the damage of horizontal pipes and culverts,require targeted renovation to restore hydraulic efficiency.Meanwhile,when spillways demonstrate inadequate flood discharge capacity,it is necessary to reasonably widen and deepen the spillway or optimize its structure to ensure flood discharge safety.In conclusion,each technical complication demands rigorous scientific evaluation and selection of context-appropriate solutions to guarantee the checked dam normally function after reinforcement.

关 键 词：除险加固 处理方法 淤地坝 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S157.31[农业科学—土壤学]