Whole‑genome resequencing to investigate the genetic diversity and mechanisms of plateau adaptation in Tibetan sheep  

作　　者：Xue Li Buying Han Dehui Liu Song Wang Lei Wang Quanbang Pei Zian Zhang Jincai Zhao Bin Huang Fuqiang Zhang Kai Zhao Dehong Tian 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]Qinghai Sheep Breeding and Promotion Service Center,Gangcha,Qinghai 812300,China

出　　处：《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》2025年第2期531-550,共20页畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai Province(No.2022-ZJ-901);the National Breeding Joint Research Project。

摘　　要：Introduction Tibetan sheep,economically important animals on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau,have diversified into numerous local breeds with unique characteristics through prolonged environmental adaptation and selective breeding.However,most current research focuses on one or two breeds,and lacks a comprehensive representa-tion of the genetic diversity across multiple Tibetan sheep breeds.This study aims to fill this gap by investigating the genetic structure,diversity and high-altitude adaptation of 6 Tibetan sheep breeds using whole-genome rese-quencing data.Results Six Tibetan sheep breeds were investigated in this study,and whole-genome resequencing data were used to investigate their genetic structure and population diversity.The results showed that the 6 Tibetan sheep breeds exhibited distinct separation in the phylogenetic tree;however,the levels of differentiation among the breeds were minimal,with extensive gene flow observed.Population structure analysis broadly categorized the 6 breeds into 3 distinct ecological types:plateau-type,valley-type and Euler-type.Analysis of unique single-nucleotide polymor-phisms(SNPs)and selective sweeps between Argali and Tibetan sheep revealed that Tibetan sheep domestication was associated primarily with sensory and signal transduction,nutrient absorption and metabolism,and growth and reproductive characteristics.Finally,comprehensive analysis of selective sweep and transcriptome data sug-gested that Tibetan sheep breeds inhabiting different altitudes on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau adapt by enhancing cardiopulmonary function,regulating body fluid balance through renal reabsorption,and modifying nutrient diges-tion and absorption pathways.Conclusion In this study,we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 6 Tibetan sheep breeds in Qinghai Province,China.Additionally,we analyzed the domestication traits and investigated the unique adapta-tion mechanisms residing varying altitudes in the plateau region of Tibetan sheep.This study provides valuable insi

关 键 词：Altitude adaptation DOMESTICATION Genetic selection Population genetic structure Tibetan sheep Whole-genome sequencing 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]