基于金纳米颗粒二聚体等离子荧光增强效应的miRNA检测  

MiRNA Detection Based on Plasma Fluorescence Enhancement Effect of Gold Nanoparticles Dimer

作　　者：胡子骜 Hu Ziao(Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《广东化工》2025年第5期136-139,共4页Guangdong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：MicroRNA(miRNA)是一类单链、内源性、非编码的小RNA,内在表达水平的变动与包括癌症在内的多种疾病有深刻的联系。因此,通过衡量miRNA的表达量,我们可以为疾病的治疗和诊断提供有力的参考。迄今为止,科研人员已经设计并实施了多种检测miRNA的手段,其中,荧光法因操作简便、高效、反应灵敏且迅速,在生命科学、环境监测以及食品安全等多个研究领域中均有广泛应用。特别是新兴的等离子体荧光增强技术,其增强效果受到金属材料、光谱重合度,以及荧光分子与等离子体纳米结构的间距等多重因素的共同影响。本文中,我们提出了一种基于等离子体荧光增强效应的生物传感器,专为高灵敏度的miRNA检测而设计。我们选择金纳米颗粒作为提升荧光效果的介质,利用链置换反应形成金二聚体。此金二聚体构造中的缝隙能大幅提升荧光信号,同时释放出的目标miRNA能重新投入反应,以此实现信号的再次放大,从而创新了一种新的miRNA检测技术。MicroRNA(miRNA)is a type of single stranded,endogenous,non coding small RNA,and the changes in intrinsic expression levels are deeply related to various diseases,including cancer.Therefore,by measuring the expression level of miRNA,we can provide strong references for the treatment and diagnosis of diseases.So far,researchers have designed and implemented various methods for detecting miRNA,among which fluorescence method is widely used in various research fields such as life sciences,environmental monitoring,and food safety due to its simple operation,high efficiency,sensitive and rapid response.Especially the emerging plasma fluorescence enhancement technology,its enhancement effect is influenced by multiple factors such as metal materials,spectral overlap,and the distance between fluorescent molecules and plasma nanostructures.In this article,we propose a biosensor based on plasma fluorescence enhancement effect,designed specifically for high-sensitivity miRNA detection.We choose gold nanoparticles as the medium to enhance the fluorescence effect and use chain displacement reaction to form gold dimers.The gaps in this gold dimer structure can significantly enhance the fluorescence signal,while the released target miRNA can be reintroduced into the reaction,thereby achieving signal amplification again,thus innovating a new miRNA detection technology.

关 键 词：链置换反应 金二聚体 miRNA检测 等离子荧光增强 

分 类 号：O657[理学—分析化学]