大豆常见病害防治与典型土传病害生物防治的研究进展  

Research Progress on Control of Common Soybean Diseases and Biological Control of Typical Soil-borne Diseases

作　　者：姜超 刘春燕 王向向 陈静宇[1] 樊川[1] 曹旭[1] 孟利强[1] JIANG Chao;LIU Chunyan;WANG Xiangxiang;CHEN Jingyu;FAN Chuan;CAO Xu;MENG Liqiang(Institute of Microbiology of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150010;Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150006,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院微生物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150010 [2]黑龙江省科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2025年第3期74-84,共11页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目“耐低温高效拮抗农业微生物菌种创制研究”(CZBZ202206001);2023年度黑龙江省重大科技成果转化项目“适用龙江主栽作物新型高值绿色肥料创制及产业化应用”(CG23014)。

摘　　要：大豆是重要的粮食和油料作物,但其产量和品质受到多种病害威胁。为保障大豆产业健康发展,从我国常见大豆病害(包括真菌病害、细菌病害、病毒病害以及线虫病害)的发生与常用防治策略(主要包括抗病品种选育、田间管理、化学防治以及生物防治)等进行综述;并针对大豆典型土传病害根腐病详细综述其发病机理、致病菌群,分析各类生防微生物对不同致病菌的防治进展情况,探讨更为有效的生物防治技术。系统认识大豆病害类型及梳理生物防治策略,有助于将绿色、安全、环保的新型生物防治手段进一步推广至更多农作物病害防治,促进生物防治的综合运用,实现全面、持续、长效的农业生产防控。生物防治可通过竞争作用、合成抑菌物质、诱导植物抗性等方式发挥防病、抗病功效,相比于其他防治策略,生物防治具备环境友好、可持续性强等特点。Soybean is an important food and oil crop,but their yield and quality are threatened by various diseases.In order to ensure the healthy development of the soybean industry,the occurrence of common soybean diseases in China(including fungal diseases,bacterial diseases,viral diseases and nematode diseases)and the common control strategies(mainly including the breeding of disease-resistant varieties,field management,chemical control and biological control)were reviewed.The pathogenesis and pathogenic bacterial community of soybean root rot,a typical soil-borne disease were reviewed,the progress of various biocontrol microorganisms controlling different pathogenic bacteria was analyzed,and more effective biocontrol technologies were discussed.By systematically understanding the types of soybean diseases and sorting out the strategies of biological control,it is helpful to further promote the new biological control methods that are green,safe and environmentally friendly to more crop diseases,and to promote the comprehensive application of biological control,so as to realize the comprehensive,sustainable and long-term control in agricultural production.Biological control can play a role in preventing and resisting diseases through competitive effects,synthesizing antibacterial substances and inducing plant resistance.Compared with other control strategies,biological control has the characteristics of environmental friendliness and strong sustainability.

关 键 词：大豆 土传病害 大豆根腐病 生防菌 生物防治 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]