不同类型黄瓜嫁接砧木对枯萎病菌胁迫的响应  

Response of Different Types of Cucumber Grafted Rootstocks to Fusarium Wilt Stress

作　　者：吴航 李耕耘 陈丽 王瑞梅 田雪鸿 闫杨垚 贺水莲 WU Hang;LI Gengyun;CHEN Li;WANG Ruimei;TIAN Xuehong;YAN Yangyao;HE Shuilian(College of Horticulture and Landscape,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2025年第3期85-92,共8页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技厅农业联合专项重点项目“基于重测序-GWAS技术挖掘黑籽南瓜枯萎病抗病候选基因”(202301BD070001-027)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同类型黄瓜嫁接砧木(黑籽南瓜、白籽南瓜)对枯萎病的抗病能力,为筛选黄瓜抗病砧木材料提供参考。【方法】以黄瓜自根苗、黑籽南瓜与白籽南瓜植株为材料,测定枯萎病菌胁迫下不同类型黄瓜嫁接砧木的病情指数、生长量、生理生化特性(电解质渗漏率EL、丙二醛MDA含量及抗氧化活性)。【结果】受枯萎病菌侵染后,黑籽南瓜植株表现抗病,白籽南瓜植株为感病。与0 d相比,枯萎病菌胁迫后黑籽南瓜植株生长量(茎粗与株高)明显高于白籽南瓜,与0 d相比,枯萎病菌胁迫6 d茎粗及株高增加量,黑籽南瓜分别为9.73~11.76 cm和13.47~20.20 cm,白籽南瓜分别为3.78~6.29 cm和8.29~10.39 cm;枯萎病菌胁迫6 d时,黑籽南瓜和白籽南瓜的生理生化指标均有所增加,电解质渗漏率与丙二醛(MDA)含量增幅黑籽南瓜低于白籽南瓜,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性增幅黑籽南瓜高于白籽南瓜。【结论】黑籽南瓜植株对枯萎病抗性较强,可作为黄瓜抗枯萎病的优良砧木。【Objective】The disease resistance of different types of cucumber grafted rootstocks(Cucurbita ficifolia and Cucurbita moschata)to Fusarium wilt was explored to provide references for the selection of disease-resistant rootstock materials for cucumbers.【Method】The cucumber self-root seedlings,C.ficifolia and C.moschata were used as materials to determine the disease index,growth,and physiological and biochemical characteristics(electrolyte leakage rate,malondialdehyde content and antioxidant activity)of different types of cucumber grafted rootstocks under the stress of Fusarium wilt.【Result】After being infected by Fusarium wilt pathogen,C.ficifolia showed resistance to disease,while C.moschata were susceptible.After Fusarium wilt stress,the plant growth(stem diameter and plant height)of C.ficifolia was significantly higher than that of C.moschata.The stem diameter and plant height of C.ficifolia were 9.73-11.76 cm and 13.47-20.20 cm,respectively,and that of C.moschata were 3.78-6.29 cm and 8.29-10.39 cm,respectively.The physiological and biochemical indexes of C.ficifolia and C.moschata increased at the 6th day of Fusarium wilt stress compared with that at the 0th day.The increase of electrolyte leakage rate and MDA content in C.ficifolia was lower than that in C.moschata,and the increase of SOD,POD and CAT activities of C.ficifolia was higher than that in C.moschata.【Conclusion】C.ficifolia are more resistant to Fusarium wilt,which can be used as an excellent Fusarium wilt-resistant rootstock for cucumber.

关 键 词：黑籽南瓜 黄瓜 嫁接 砧木 枯萎病 抗性 抗氧化酶活性 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]