滇中亚高山棕壤各土层崩解特征及PAM加固研究  

Study on Disintegration Characteristics and PAM Reinforcement of Different Soil Layers of Subalpine Brown Soil in Central Yunnan

作　　者：李继祥 段青松 王忠良 杜技能 陈正发 颜科宇 刘辉 LI Jixiang;DUAN Qingsong;WANG Zhongliang;DU Jineng;CHEN Zhengfa;YAN Keyu;LIU Hui(Datang Yunnan New Energy Co.,Ltd.,Kunming,Yunnan 655200;College of Water Resource,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201;College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]大唐云南新能源有限公司,云南昆明655200 [2]云南农业大学水利学院,云南昆明650201 [3]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2025年第3期140-148,共9页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省水利科技重大专项“工程扰动亚高山草甸水土保持生态修复关键技术研究与示范”(2023BG204001)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明滇中亚高山棕壤各土层崩解特征及聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)对棕壤各土层的加固效果,为滇中亚高山土壤侵蚀防控提供参考。【方法】通过静水崩解试验测定棕壤各土层的崩解性,设置不同梯度(0%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%)PAM施用量,研究PAM对棕壤各土层的加固效果。【结果】棕壤各土层抗崩解性由强到弱表现为淋溶层≈淀积层>母质层。施用PAM后,淋溶层、淀积层、母质层崩解率在90 min时分别减小2.75~10.52百分点、48.50~60.90百分点、17.53~23.77百分点,平均崩解速率分别减小0.03~0.11%/min、0.53~0.69%/min、4.36~4.41%/min,加固效果表现为母质层>淀积层>淋溶层。施用PAM后,淋溶层、淀积层、母质层微团聚体含量分别减小2~10百分点、3~13百分点、6~11百分点,团聚体平均质量直径分别增大0.17~0.37 mm、0.27~0.36 mm、0.74~1.07 mm,对母质层团聚体的黏结效果明显大于淋溶层和淀积层。扫描电镜(SEM)观察,PAM通过抑制土壤表面结皮和缝隙的产生、增强土壤内部颗粒间的黏结力来增强土壤的抗崩解性。【结论】滇中亚高山棕壤各土层抗崩解性表现为淋溶层≈淀积层>母质层,施用PAM黏结土壤颗粒可增强棕壤抗崩解性,在工程上具有一定的应用价值。【Objective】The disintegration characteristics and PAM reinforcement of different soil layers of subalpine brown soil were explored to provide a reference for preventing and controling soil erosion in Central Yunnan.【Method】The disintegration of different soil layers was determined by a static water disintegration test,and the reinforcement effect of PAM on different soil layers of subalpine brown soil was studied by designing 4 different PAM application amounts(0%,0.1%,0.2%and 0.3%).【Result】The disintegration resistance of three brown soil layers was leaching layer≈sedimentary layer>parent material layer.The disintegration rate of the leaching layer,sedimentary layer and parent material layer decreased by 2.75 percentage points-10.52 percentage points,48.50 percentage points-60.90 percentage points and 17.53 percentage points-23.77 percentage points at 90 min after applying PAM respectively.The average disintegration rate of the leaching layer,sedimentary layer and parent material layer decreased by 0.03-0.11%/min,0.53-0.69%/min and 4.36-4.41%/min separately.The reinforcement effect of three soil layers was parent material layer>sedimentary layer>leaching layer.The micro-aggregate content in leaching layer,sedimentary layer and parent material layer decreased by 2 percentage points-10 percentage points,3 percentage points-13 percentage points and 6 percentage points-11 percentage points after applying PAM respectively and the average aggregate mass diameter of leaching layer,sedimentary layer and parent material layer increased by 0.17-0.37 mm,0.27-0.36 mm and 0.74-1.07 mm respectively.The bonding effect on the aggregates of the parent material layer was significantly greater than the leaching layer and sedimentary layer.The scanning electron microscope(SEM)results showed that PAM enhanced the soil disintegration resistance by inhibiting formation of crusts and cracks on soil surface and amplifying the bonding force between particles inside the soil.【Conclusion】The disintegration resistance of t

关 键 词：棕壤 崩解特征 微团聚体 聚丙烯酰胺(PAM) 亚高山 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]