梯级水库心墙坝连溃过程数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of the Successive Breach Process of the Core Wall Dam in Cascade Reservoirs

作　　者：王建中[1,2] 孙万光[1,2] 李晓军[1,2] 张蓉 WANG Jian-zhong;SUN Wan-guang;LI Xiao-jun;ZHANG Rong(China Water Northeastern Investigation,Design and Research Corporation Limited,Changchun 130061,Jilin Province,China;Research Center on Cold Region Engineering Ministry of Water Resources,Changchun 130061,Jilin Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司,吉林长春130061 [2]水利部寒区工程技术研究中心,吉林长春130061

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第4期7-13,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0407303)。

摘　　要：与单一水库相比,梯级水库连溃灾害影响更大、致灾因素更加复杂,然而梯级水库心墙坝连溃过程数值模拟仍面临较大困难。提出了梯级水库连溃过程数值模拟方法:采用DLBreach模拟溃坝洪水过程,采用天然河道一维水动力高精度数值模拟方法模拟溃坝洪水演进过程,基于C#语言开发了梯级水库连溃数值模拟程序,采用文本交互数据方式将溃坝模型和洪水演进模型连接。实例研究表明:DLBreach模型模拟射月沟水库溃坝洪水洪峰与实测值相对误差仅为1.8%,峰现时间仅相差1.2min,模拟精度较高;溃坝洪水演进方面,方法与HEC-RAS(FVM)模拟洪峰流量相对误差仅为1%,洪水演进过程接近,表明该方法适用于天然河道溃坝洪水演进模拟。本文方法计算精度、计算效率均较高,实现了梯级水库心墙坝连溃快速、高精度数值模拟,为突发洪水事件及其后果的快速预报、预警和应急响应创造有利条件。Compared with a single reservoir,successive breach disasters have a greater impact and more complex causative factors in cascade reservoirs.However,the numerical simulation of the successive breach process of the core wall dam in cascade reservoirs still faces significant difficulties.This article proposes a numerical simulation method for the cascading reservoir breach process:DLBreach is used to simulate the dam breach flood process,and a one-dimensional high-precision numerical simulation method of natural river hydrodynamics is used to simulate the dam breach flood evolution process.A numerical simulation program for successive breach process in cascade reservoirs is developed based on C#language.In terms of model connection,text interactive data is used to connect the dam breach model and flood routing model.Case studies have shown that the DLBreach model has a relative error of only 1.8%between the simulated flood peak of the Sheyuegou Reservoir dam breach and the measured value,with a peak time difference of only 1.2 minutes,indicating high simulation accuracy.In terms of dam breach flood evolution,the relative error between the method proposed in this paper and HEC-RAS(FVM)simulation of peak flow is only 1%.The process of flood evolution is similar.This indicates that the method is suitable for simulating the flood evolution of natural river channel breaches.The method described in this article has high calculation accuracy and efficiency,achieving rapid and high-precision numerical simulation of the successive breach of the core wall dam in cascade reservoirs.This method creates favorable conditions for rapid forecasting,early warning,and emergency response of sudden flood events and their consequences.

关 键 词：梯级水库 心墙坝 连溃 数值模拟 DLBreach 

分 类 号：TV698[水利工程—水利水电工程]