基于CFD的簇状刚性植被弯道水流水力特性研究  

Hydraulic Characteristics of Cluster Rigid Vegetation Bend Flow Based on CFD

作　　者：杨鑫 李兴国 孙雪岚[1] 李智 YANG Xin;LI Xing-guo;SUN Xue-lan;LI Zhi(College of Water Resources Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第4期31-38,44,共9页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51004120);山西省水利发展中心水利技术研究与推广项目(2023ZF05)。

摘　　要：为探究连续弯曲河道中植被对水流水力特性的影响规律,利用雷诺应力模型模拟含簇状刚性植被的连续弯道水流。研究表明,弯道水流因离心力和弯道形态作用,形成高流速区紧贴凸岸,低流速区靠近凹岸的流速分布现象。植被的存在抑制了其上游高、低流速区发展,促进了流速均匀分布,凹岸侧植被扩大了高、低流速区范围,而凸岸侧植被造成下游高、低流速区位置互换,对流场影响显著。植被同时也影响了湍流结构,减缓水流流速梯度,使湍流强度整体削弱,增强了流场稳定性。植被对湍流动能的影响主要在弯道顶部和下游段,使湍流动能分布更加均匀。此外,植被还影响其上下游的水位变化,导致水面纵比降加大,横向扭曲加剧,尤其对凸岸侧水位影响较大。To investigate the impact of vegetation on the hydraulic characteristics of water flow in continuous curved rivers,this study uses the Reynolds Stress Model to simulate flow in a continuous bend with clusters of rigid vegetation.The results indicate that due to the centrifugal force and bend morphology,the flow forms a velocity distribution with high-velocity zones near the convex bank and low-velocity zones near the concave bank.The presence of vegetation inhibits the development of upstream high and low-velocity zones,promoting a more uniform velocity distribution.The vegetation on the concave bank expands the range of high and low-velocity zones,while the vegetation on the convex bank causes the positions of downstream high and low-velocity zones to switch,significantly impacting the flow field.Vegetation also affects the turbulent structure by reducing the velocity gradient,weakening overall turbulence intensity,and enhancing flow field stability.The impact of vegetation on turbulent kinetic energy is mainly observed at the top and downstream sections of the bend,leading to a more uniform distribution of turbulent kinetic energy.Additionally,vegetation influences water level changes upstream and downstream,increasing the longitudinal water surface slope and exacerbating lateral distortion,with a particularly significant impact on the convex bank water level.

关 键 词：弯道水流 数值模拟 雷诺应力模型 流速分布 湍流动能 

分 类 号：TV133.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]