结合变分模态分解和希尔波特变换的供水管道泄漏信号降噪方法研究  

Research on Noise Reduction Method of Water Supply Pipeline Leakage Signal Based on VMD and Hilbert transform

作　　者：施亮 江竹 谢俊懿 SHI Liang;JIANG Zhu;XIE Jun-yi(Shanghai SMI Raw Water Co.,Shanghai 200127,China;School of energy and power engineering,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]上海城投原水有限公司,上海200127 [2]西华大学能源与动力工程学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第4期52-57,64,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：四川省科技计划资助(24NSFSC1460),原水大口径输水管道数字化运维关键技术研究项目资助。

摘　　要：为解决声信号用于检测供水管道运行状态易受噪声干扰从而导致泄漏检测和漏点定位精度低的问题,提出一种结合变分模态分解和希尔伯特变换的振动声信号降噪方法。首先,利用变分模态分解将泄漏信号分解为若干个固有模态函数,确定分解模态数量,并对固有模态函数分量进行希尔伯特变换得到边际谱,通过边际谱特征和互相关系数初步筛分噪声;然后,通过滤波器和互相关系数进行二次噪声筛分;最后对降噪后的信号进行时延估计,结合定位原理计算漏点位置。为了验证方法性能,通过试验对互相关法、变分模态分解-相关系数法和所提方法进行对比分析,结果表明,所提方法相较其他两种方法,能够有效地降低泄漏信号中的噪声,减小定位误差。To solve the problem that the acoustic signal used to detect the running state of the water supply pipeline is easily disturbed by noise,which leads to the low accuracy of leakage detection and leak location,a noise reduction algorithm for vibration acoustic signal was proposed,which combined variable mode decomposition(VMD)and Hilbert transform.Firstly,the leakage signal was decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions(IMF)by VMD,the number of decomposition layers was determined,and the IMF component was Hilbert transformed to obtain the marginal spectrum,and the noise was preliminarily screened through the characteristics of the marginal spectrum and the cross-correlation coefficient;Secondly,filter and cross-correlation coefficient were used to screen the secondary noise;Finally,the time delay of the denoised signal was estimated,and the leakage point position was calculated according to the positioning principle.To verify the performance of the algorithm,the cross-correlation algorithm,VMD correlation coefficient algorithm and the proposed algorithm were analyzed through experiments.The results show that compared with the other two algorithms,the proposed algorithm can effectively remove the noise in the leakage signal and reduce the positioning error.

关 键 词：供水管道 泄漏定位 变分模态分解 希尔伯特变换 互相关系数 时延估计 

分 类 号：TH86[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TN911.7[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]