基于渗流分形模型的土石坝宽级配砾质土渗流特性研究  

Research on Seepage Characteristics of Gravelly Soil with Wide Gradation in Earth-rock Dam Based on Seepage Fractal Model

作　　者：曹昕 江超[1,2] 欧阳辉 CAO Xin;JIANG Chao;OUYANG Hui(Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,Jiangsu Province,China;Dam Safety Management Center of the Ministry of water Resources,Nanjing 210029,Jiangsu Province,China;Jintan Water and Drought Disaster Prevention Dispatching Command Center,Changzhou 213000,Jiangsu Province,)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210029 [2]水利部大坝安全管理中心,江苏南京210029 [3]常州市金坛区水旱灾害防御调度指挥中心,江苏常州213000

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第4期77-83,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3005404);南京水利科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(Y722006)。

摘　　要：针对土石坝宽级配土渗流特性难以准确获取的问题,通过对土体骨架-孔隙-细粒土结构进行细观模拟,引入最大单粒孔隙骨料架空判据,提出土体渗流分形模型,计算土石坝宽级配砾质土渗透系数,通过与试验结果对比分析,验证了渗流分形模型的合理性。通过影响因素分析,研究孔隙率、含砾率、颗粒不规则度对渗透系数的影响,分析结果表明,孔隙率是影响渗透系数的直接因素,含砾率和颗粒不规则度增加以改变孔隙率和孔隙分布均匀程度的方式影响渗透系数。基于工程实例,证明渗流分形模型分析结果符合工程实际。根据研究成果对土石坝宽级配砾质土填筑质量控制给出建议。To address the difficulty in accurately determining the seepage characteristics of wide-graded gravel soils in earth-rock dams,this paper conducts a micro-scale simulation of the soil skeleton-pore-fine-grained soil structure.A maximum single-particle pore aggregate void criterion is introduced,and a fractal model for soil seepage is proposed to calculate the permeability coefficient of the wide-graded gravel soil in the dam.The model's validity is verified through a comparison with experimental results.By analyzing the influencing factors,the paper studies the effects of porosity,gravel content,and particle irregularity on the permeability coefficient.The results show that porosity is the direct factor affecting the permeability coefficient,while increases in gravel content and particle irregularity influence the permeability coefficient by altering the porosity and uniformity of pore distribution.Based on an engineering case study,the findings demonstrate that the results of the fractal seepage model are aligned with the actual engineering conditions.The paper also provides suggestions for quality control in the construction of wide-graded gravel soil in earth-rock dams based on the research findings.

关 键 词：土石坝 宽级配土 渗流分形模型 土石细观结构 填筑质量控制 

分 类 号：TV523[水利工程—水利水电工程]