复合微生物菌对盐碱土理化特性的影响  

Effect of Complex Microbial Bacteria on Physico-chemical Properties of Saline Soils

作　　者：董嘉琪 景何仿[1,3] 张新慧 DONG Jia-qi;JING He-fang;ZHANG Xin-hui(Institute of Civil Engineering and Water Conservancy Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering,Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China;School of Civil Engineering North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;College of Pharmacy Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]北方民族大学土木工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [4]宁夏医科大学药学院,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第4期138-144,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12461084);宁夏自然基金(2023AAC022049)。

摘　　要：为探究复合微生物菌对盐碱土的改良作用,通过室内土柱模拟试验,对宁夏引黄灌区盐碱土取样后,利用课题组研发的由短小芽孢杆菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌构成的复合微生物菌,按照五种不同比例进行处理,对处理后的土壤进行土柱试验及盆栽油葵试验,对比分析了处理前后土壤的水稳定性、含水率、养分及盐分的变化及对油葵生长的影响。复合微生物菌可显著提高土壤水稳定性团聚体含量,处理后水稳性团聚体含量较对照组最高增加82%;复合微生物菌可改善土壤保水性能,处理后土壤含水量均高于对照组,最大增幅可达25.32%;复合微生物菌能有效提升土壤供水和持水能力,相较于对照组,各处理组的土壤在不同吸力的容水度均有所提高,复合微生物菌能有效降低土壤盐分,最多降低57%;还能增加土壤的养分,各处理组土壤中全氮、速效磷、硝态氮和氨态氮分别增加了72.32%、68.64%、79.27%和73.49%;复合微生物菌可有效促进作物的生长,处理后土壤种植油葵后与对照组相比较,无论油葵茎粗还是叶面面积均有一定提高。在宁夏引黄灌区盐渍化土壤中施用适量的复合微生物菌,对土壤的改良效果显著。研究成果可为改善宁夏引黄灌区盐碱土提供科学的理论依据和技术支持。In order to investigate the effect of composite microbial bacteria on the improvement of saline soil,through the indoor soil column simulation test,after sampling saline soil in the diversion irrigation area of Ningxia,the composite microbial bacteria consisting of Bacillus sphaericus and Bacillus cereus developed by the group were treated in accordance with five different ratios,and the treated soil was subjected to a soil column test and potting of anemones test,which comparatively analyzed the changes in water stability,water content,nutrients and salinity and the effect on the growth of anemones in the soil before and after treatment.The water stability,water content,nutrients and salinity of the soil before and after treatment were compared and analyzed,as well as the effects on the growth of anemones.Composite microbial bacteria can significantly improve the soil water stability agglomerate content,the highest increase in water stability agglomerate content after treatment compared with the control group by 82%;composite microbial bacteria can improve the water retention performance of the soil,the soil water content after treatment were higher than that of the control group,with a maximum increase of up to 25.32%;composite microbial bacteria can effectively improve the soil water supply and water-holding capacity,compared with the control group,the soil of the treatment groups in the different absorption The water holding capacity of the soil can be improved,and the composite microbial fungus can effectively reduce soil salinity by up to 57%;it can also increase the nutrients of the soil,and the total nitrogen,quick acting phosphorus,nitrate nitrogen and ammoniacal nitrogen in the soil of each treatment group have increased by 72.32%,68.64%,79.27% and 73.49%,respectively;the composite microbial fungus can effectively promote the growth of the crop,and the treated soil can be compared with that of control after planting sunflower,regardless of the stem thickness of the oil sunflower,and the soil can be comp

关 键 词：复合微生物菌 盐碱土:水盐运移 土壤结构 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]