抗原检测与核酸检测对甲型流感病毒的诊断价值分析  

Analysis of the diagnostic value of antigen testing and nucleic acid testing for influenza A virus

作　　者：陶沫 张红波[1] 金玲 TAO Mo;ZHANG Hong-bo;JIN Ling(Yichun Disease Prevention and Control Center,Yichun 336000,China)

机构地区：[1]宜春市疾病预防控制中心,336000

出　　处：《中国现代药物应用》2025年第6期62-64,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application

摘　　要：目的分析抗原检测与核酸检测对甲型流感病毒的诊断价值。方法选取88例疑似甲型流感病毒感染患者,所有患者均接受抗原检测与核酸检测。以病毒分离和鉴定检测作为金标准,对比抗原检测与核酸检测对甲型流感病毒的诊断效能;分析抗原检测与核酸检测对甲型流感病毒的一致性。结果核酸检测的诊断灵敏度88.75%、符合率87.50%均高于抗原检测的72.50%、69.32%,漏检率11.25%低于抗原检测的27.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);核酸检测与抗原检测的诊断特异度、误诊率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。抗原检测诊断甲型流感病毒与病毒分离和鉴定检测相比,Kappa值为0.051,两者一致性较差;核酸检测诊断甲型流感病毒与病毒分离和鉴定检测相比,Kappa值为0.457,两者一致性一般。结论针对甲型流感病毒的诊断,核酸检测的灵敏度、Kappa值、诊断符合率均优于抗原检测,且漏检率更低,条件允许情况下可作为临床首选的诊断方法。Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of antigen testing and nucleic acid testing for influenza A virus.Methods A total of 88 patients with suspected influenza A virus infection were selected.All patients underwent antigen testing and nucleic acid testing.Using virus isolation and identification as the gold standard,the diagnostic efficacy of antigen testing and nucleic acid testing for influenza A virus was compared;the consistency of antigen testing and nucleic acid testing for influenza A virus was analyzed.Results The diagnostic sensitivity of nucleic acid testing was 88.75%and the coincidence rate was 87.50%,which were higher than 72.50%and 69.32%of antigen testing;the missing rate of nucleic acid testing was 11.25%,which was lower than 27.50%of antigen testing;the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in diagnostic specificity and misdiagnosis rate between nucleic acid testing and antigen testing(P>0.05).The Kappa value of antigen testing for the diagnosis of influenza A virus was 0.051 compared with that of virus isolation and identification,indicating poor consistency.The Kappa value of nucleic acid testing for the diagnosis of influenza A virus was 0.457 compared with that of virus isolation and identification,indicating general consistency.Conclusion For the diagnosis of influenza A virus,the sensitivity,Kappa value and diagnostic coincidence rate of nucleic acid testing are superior to antigen testing,and the missed detection rate is lower,so it can be used as the preferred clinical diagnosis method if conditions permit.

关 键 词：甲型流感病毒 抗原检测 核酸检测 诊断 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]