变速地铁的六分量地震信号分析及定位  

Analysis and Localization of Six-component Seismic Signals Generated by Variable-speed Subway

作　　者：徐飞宇 苏荣华 南霆 王赟[1] Xu Feiyu;Su Ronghua;Nan Ting;Wang Yun(Multi-Wave&Multi-Component(MWMC)Research Group,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Defense Engineering,Academy of Military Sciences,People’s Liberation Army of China,Beijing 100036,China;Cohorizon Intellectual Property Limited,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)“多波多分量”地震研究组,北京100083 [2]中国人民解放军军事科学院国防工程研究院,北京100036 [3]北京国昊天诚知识产权代理有限公司,北京100029

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2025年第2期236-246,共11页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：深地国家科技重大专项项目(编号:2024ZD1002700);国家自然科学基金(编号:U1839208)。

摘　　要：轨道交通产生的地震波日益受到关注,成为地球物理领域的研究热点。然而,现有关于地铁振动的实际研究较少,且大多集中在平动观测上,几乎不考虑旋转运动。为了表征地震波场更完整的矢量信息,以及发展利用其进行复杂移动振动源的定位技术,本文介绍了在临近地铁运行的市区校园内开展的单点六分量地震观测实验。本工作对变速地铁的六分量信号进行了基于同步挤压傅里叶变换的时频分析;并基于轨道准静态载荷激发的理论进行分析,利用时频滤波与六分量地震记录互相关方法对地铁目标进行了定位。结果表明,本文提出的技术流程在传统三分量极化分析定位失效的情况下,计算得到的平动和旋转分量的最大互相关系数可达0.63~0.96,且时窗内最大系数对应的后方位角变化与地铁的移动相匹配。证明基于六分量的分析方法与定位技术对于地铁地震波的研究是可行的,且能为类似复杂移动源定位问题提供解决思路和参考。Seismic waves generated by rail transit have increasingly received attention and become a research hotspot in the field of geophysics.However,there is limited practical research on seismic signals from subway,most of which focus on translational observations,with little consideration given to rotational motion.To provide more comprehensive vector information of the seismic wavefield and to develop localization techniques for complex mobile vibration sources,this paper introduces a single-point six-component seismic observation experiment conducted in an urban campus near an operating subway.In this study,we performed time-frequency analysis of the six-component signals from a variable-speed subway using Fourier sychrosqueezed transform.Based on a theoretical analysis of quasi-static load excitation from the track,the subway localization was achieved through time-frequency filtering and cross-correlation methods with the six-component seismic records.The results show that,when traditional three-component polarization analysis for localization fails,the proposed technical approach yields the maximum cross-correlation coefficients between the translational and rotational components ranging from 0.63 to 0.96.Furthermore,the back azimuthal variation corresponding to the maximum coefficient within the time window aligns with the subway’s movement.This demonstrates that the six-component analysis method and localization technique proposed in this paper are feasible for studying subway seismic waves and can provide insights and references for addressing similar complex mobile source localization problems.

关 键 词：地铁 六分量 地震波 平动 旋转 同步挤压傅里叶变换 时频滤波 定位 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]