“长名榜”与“循资格”:唐前期铨选的程序设计与理念革新  

“Long List Table”and“Following Criteria”:Procedure Design and Concept Innovation in the Official Selection System of the Early Tang Era

作　　者：张飘 Zhang Piao

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《唐宋历史评论》2024年第2期102-126,共25页

摘　　要：隋文帝废除州郡辟署制后,将一切有品官员的任免权收归中央,但并未完成配套的制度建设。原有的选官理念和方式无法匹配新的政务,贞观以后铨选制度出现了越来越多的问题。总章二年朝廷开始改革,以提升行政效率为主要目标,对铨选政务进行了明确的任务分工和程序设计。通过设立长名榜,朝廷将铨选分为选人筛选和官职注拟两道程序,同时确立了州县等外官的官资序列,以保证其循序升迁。以此为基础,开元十八年裴光庭奏立《循资格》,确立了六品以下官职的官资序列,以及相应的成资时间和待选年限,最终解决了铨选制度的问题,也完成了选官理念的革新。上述改革对唐后期的官阶制度产生了直接影响,构建出了生成新官僚精英的制度路径,并推动了政治文化的变迁。After Emperor Wen of Sui abolished the governor appointment system(州郡辟署制),he transferred the power of appointing and removing all qualified officials to the central government.However,he did not complete the construction of a supporting system to manage this transition.The previous concepts and patterns of official selection were no longer suited to the demands of the new governmental structure,leading to increasing problems in the official selection system after the Zhenguan period.In the second year of the Zongzhang era,the imperial court initiated reforms to the official selection system.These reforms introduced a clear division of tasks and streamlined processes to improve efficiency.By establishing the Long List Table,the imperial court divided the selection system into two distinct procedures the selection of candidates for office and the annotation of official positions.At the same time,it implemented a hierarchy for official positions in prefectures and counties to ensure an orderly system of promotion.Building on this foundation,Pei Guangting(裴光庭)introduced the Following Criteria system in the eighteenth year of the Kaiyuan era.This reform created a structured hierarchy of official positions under six grades,specified the required seniority and years of service for promotion,and ultimately resolved the issues in the official selection system.These reforms also marked a conceptual innovation in the approach to official selection.The reforms had a significant impact on the official ranks and related systems in the late Tang Dynasty.They laid the institutional groundwork for the emergence of a new class of bureaucratic elites and fostered changes in the political culture of the time.

关 键 词：铨选 循资格 官资 唐代 

分 类 号：K242[历史地理—历史学]