交易特性、农户销售渠道选择与增收效应  

Transaction Characteristics,Farmers'Marketing Channel Selections and Income Growth Effect

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作  者:冷伯阳 韩一军[1] 陈景帅 LENG Bo-yang;HAN Yi-jun;CHEN Jing-shuai(College of Economics and Management,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Rural Development,Shandong Academy of Social Sciences,Jinan 250002,Shandong,China;School of Economics,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,Shandong,China)

机构地区:[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京市100083 [2]山东社会科学院农村发展研究所,山东济南250002 [3]山东大学经济学院,山东济南250100

出  处:《中国流通经济》2025年第4期30-41,共12页China Business and Market

基  金:财政部和农业农村部“国家现代农业产业技术体系”(CARS-03);国家社会科学基金专项项目“新时期保障我国粮食稳定供给研究”(22VRC137)。

摘  要:深化多渠道产销协作是促进农户增收的关键,探讨农户销售渠道选择的驱动因素及其增收效应,对畅通农产品流通渠道、保障农户种植收益具有重要意义。基于黄淮海5个小麦主产省的微观调研数据,运用Oprobit模型、条件混合处理(CMP)模型和中介效应模型,分析交易特性对小麦种植户销售渠道选择的影响及由此导致的农户种植收益差异。研究发现,交易特性对农户销售渠道选择具有显著影响,资产专用性提高、交易频率及生产不确定性增加促使农户选择组织化程度及利益联结程度较高的销售渠道;在考虑内生性问题后,与粮食经纪人销售渠道相比,收储点、合作社和加工企业销售渠道均能提高农户种植收益,且加工企业销售渠道的增收作用最大;从农户禀赋来看,收储点、加工企业销售渠道的增收作用在农地经营规模较大、受教育程度较高农户中更加明显。收储点销售渠道通过提高销售价格、合作社销售渠道通过统一提供生产资料来提高农户种植收益,而加工企业销售渠道可以通过上述两种途径促进农户增收。因此,应提高专用性资产和人力资本水平,促进农户规模化、专业化经营,以提升农户的市场交易能力和交易地位;着力提高销售渠道关系稳定性,充分发挥合作社、加工企业的联农带农作用,进一步拓宽和优化农产品销售渠道,保障农户获取更多的产业增值收益。Deepening multi-channel production-sales collaboration is crucial for increasing farmers'income,and exploring the driving factors behind farmers'choice of sales channels and their income-increasing effects holds significant importance for smoothing the circulation of agricultural products and safeguarding farmers'planting benefits.Based on micro-survey data from five major wheat-producing provinces in the Huang-Huai-Hai region,the authors employ the Oprobit model,Conditional Mixed Process(CMP)model,and mediation effect model to analyze the impact of transaction characteristics on wheat farmers'choice of sales channels and the resulting differences in farmers'planting income.The research reveals the following findings:transaction characteristics significantly influence farmers'choice of sales channels,increased asset specificity,transaction frequency,and production uncertainty prompt farmers to opt for sales channels with higher degrees of market organization and closer benefit connections;after considering endogeneity issues,compared to sales through grain brokers,sales channels such as collection points,cooperatives,and processing enterprises all increase farmers'planting income,with processing enterprises having the greatest income-increasing effect;from the perspective of farmers'endowments,the income-increasing effects of collection points and processing enterprise sales channels are more pronounced among farmers with larger farmland operation scales and higher education levels;and collection points increase farmers'planting income by raising sales prices,cooperatives do so by uniformly providing material production resources,and processing enterprise sales channels can increase farmers'income through both of these avenues.Therefore,it is imperative to,enhance the levels of specific assets and human capital,promote farmers'large-scale and specialized operations,boost their market transaction capabilities,and improve their disadvantaged position in agricultural product circulation;and efforts should focus on e

关 键 词:交易特性 销售渠道选择 种植收益 多元有序Probit模型 CMP估计法 

分 类 号:F304.3[经济管理—产业经济]

 

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