湿法化学回收晶体硅光伏组件中贵金属的实验研究  

Experimental study on wet chemical recovery of noble metals from crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules

作　　者：张宗文 曹铭柯 石金钊 韩会丽 ZHANG Zongwen;CAO Mingke;SHI Jinzhao;HAN Huili(Laboratory Equipment Department,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang 464000,China;College of Physical and Electronic Engineering,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang 464000,China;Energy‑Saving Building Materials Innovative Collaboration Center of Henan Province,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang 464000,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳师范大学实验设备处,河南信阳464000 [2]信阳师范大学物电学院,河南信阳464000 [3]信阳师范大学建筑节能材料河南省协同创新中心,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《信阳师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期190-195,共6页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省科技计划项目(212102210629);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(21A480008);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金联合基金(2019A1515111125)。

摘　　要：采用物理拆解的方法对实验组件铝边框以及高分子背板膜进行去除,通过高温热处理的方法将电池和玻璃进行分离,然后采用氢氧化钾和硝酸溶液,以溶液浓度、反应时间、反应摩尔比、反应温度为主要工艺条件,对太阳电池中贵金属银、铝的回收工艺参数进行了多次实验,得出最佳实验条件,并对结果进行表征分析。结果表明,本文贵金属回收方法反应速度快、效率高,可为光伏回收产业提供重要的方法和参考。The aluminum frame and polymer backsheet of the experimental module were removed by physical disassembly.The solar cells and glass were separated by high-temperature treatment.Then using potassium hydroxide and nitric acid solution,with solution concentration,reaction time,reaction molar ratio,reaction temperature as the main process conditions,the recovery process parameters of precious metals silver and aluminum in solar cells explored many times,the best process conditions of silver and aluminum were obtained,the results were characterized and analyzed.The results showed that the proposed recovery method had fast reaction speed and high efficiency,which provides an important method and reference for the photovoltaic recovery industry.

关 键 词：组件回收 光伏组件 太阳电池 高温热解 化学处理 

分 类 号：TQ153[化学工程—电化学工业]