2,4,6⁃三硝基⁃3,5⁃二羟基氟苯及其含能盐的合成与性能研究  

Synthesis and investigation of 2,4,6‑trinitro‑3,5‑dihydroxyfluorobenzene and its salts

作　　者：张行程 管肖坤 李瑛 周秋菊 胡文祥[2] 马晋超 ZHANG Xingcheng;GUAN Xiaokun;LI Ying;ZHOU Qiuju;HU Wenxiang;MA Jinchao(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Green Catalysis&Synthesis Key Laboratory of Xinyang City,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang 464000,China;Space Systems Division,Strategic Support Troops,Chinese People’s Liberation Army,Beijing 100101,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳师范大学化学化工学院/信阳市绿色催化与合成重点实验室,河南信阳464000 [2]中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天系统部,北京100101 [3]南京理工大学化学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《信阳师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期213-221,共9页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(182102310277);信阳师范大学重大预研项目(19162)。

摘　　要：分别以3,5‑二甲氧基氟苯和几种富氮有机碱为原料,制备2,4,6‑三硝基‑3,5‑二羟基氟苯及其含能离子盐。采用核磁共振、质谱、元素分析和X‑单晶衍射等对这些化合物的结构进行了表征;采用真密度仪测定3,5‑二甲氧基氟苯及其含能盐的密度(部分化合物的密度为晶体密度)为1.749~1.936 g/cm^(3);采用综合热分析仪研究了这些化合物的热稳定性,发现它们热稳定性较差,热分解温度介于167.64~200.68℃;采用EXPLO5 v6.01程序预测了这些含能化合物的爆轰性能,结果表明它们的爆速为7.63~8.45 km/s,爆压为23.4~32.3 GPa;此外,通过对这些含能化合物的撞击感度测试和摩擦感度测试实验,发现2,4,6‑三硝基‑3,5‑二羟基氟苯及其含能离子盐的撞击感度值为16~32 J,摩擦感度为32~160 N。说明3,5‑二甲氧基氟苯及其含能盐具有较高的密度、较好的爆轰性能和较高的感度值,但热稳定性较差,具有较低的热分解温度。2,4,6‑trinitro‑3,5‑dihydroxyfluorobenzene and its energetic ion salts were prepared using 3,5‑dimethoxyfluorobenzene and several nitrogen‑containing organic bases as raw materials.The structures of these compounds were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance,mass spectrometry,elemental analysis,and X‑ray single crystal diffraction.The density of 3,5‑dimethoxyfluorobenzene and its energetic salts(some compounds have crystal density)was measured using a true density meter,between 1.749~1.936 g/cm^(3);The thermal stability of these compounds was studied using a comprehensive thermal analyzer,and it was found that their thermal stability was poor.The thermal decomposition temperature was between 167.64~200.68℃;The detonation performance of these energetic compounds was predicted using EXPLO5 v6.01 program.The results showed that their detonation velocities were 7.63~8.45 km/s,and detonation pressures were 23.4~32.3 GPa;In addition,through impact sensitivity testing and friction sensitivity testing experiments on these energetic compounds,the results showed that the impact sensitivity values of 2,4,6‑rinitro‑3,5‑dihydroxyfluorobenzene and its energetic ion salts were 16~32 J,and the friction sensitivity were 32~160 N.The above results showed that 3,5-dimethoxyfluorobenzene and its energetic salts had high density,good detonation performance,and high sensitivity values,but their thermal stability was poor and they had a lower thermal decomposition temperature.

关 键 词：氟代含能离子盐 密度 爆轰性能 2 4 6‑三硝基‑3 5‑二羟基氟苯 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]