涉农领域中村干部职务贪占行为的认定、规制与预防——兼论《刑法》第91条第2款的适用  

Determination,Regulation,and Prevention of Duty-Related Crimes by Village Cadres in the Agriculture-Related Fields:Focus on the Application of Article 91(2)of the Criminal Law

作　　者：熊鑫 莫瑞 Xiong Xin;Mo Rui(Hangzhou Railway Transport Procuratorate,Hangzhou,310016,Zhejiang;Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,241000,Anhui)

机构地区：[1]杭州铁路运输检察院,浙江杭州310016 [2]安徽师范大学,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《湖南警察学院学报》2025年第1期120-128,共9页Journal of Hunan Police Academy

基　　金：2024年最高人民检察院理论研究一般课题“检察机关办理涉外刑事建设机制研究”(GJ20241766)。

摘　　要：乡村振兴背景下,在惠农扶贫重点建设中村干部利用职务之便非法占有公共财产的问题时有出现。其中又以村主任身份最为特殊,在受到刑法、行政规章及党纪党规的多重约束下,仍存在一定的监管空隙,因而如何对村主任为代表的村干部进行有效的法律认定、规制与预防,成为学界和实务界争论的焦点。而其中关于村干部主体身份及公共财产范围的界定,是能否对其认定相关刑法罪名的关键,也是入罪与出罪的必要考量。以此为视角,再次审视刑法第91条第2款的现实适用和规制空白,从单纯身份认定到关注村主任其从事公务的“职权性”以及管理资产的“国家性”,并尝试通过立法解释、畅通出入罪转处程序、启用基层组织架构与权力监督等方式完善行刑、纪法衔接机制,进而对此主体及相关职务犯罪行为进行多层次的管理、规制和预防。Under the backdrop of rural revitalization,instances of village cadres,particularly village committee directors,illegally appropriating public property through abuse of their positions have emerged in key poverty alleviation and agricultural subsidy programs.Despite being subject to multiple legal and disciplinary frameworks—including Criminal Law,administrative regulations,and Party discipline—regulatory gaps persist.This raises debates in academia and practice over how to effectively determine,regulate,and prevent duty-related crimes committed by village cadres,especially those in leadership roles.Central to these discussions are the criteria for defining the identity of village cadres as public officials and the scope of public property,which are pivotal for applying relevant criminal charges and determining criminal liability.From this perspective,it is necessary to reexamine the practical application and regulatory shortcomings of Article 91(2)of the Criminal Law,shifting the focus from mere identity recognition to the"public authority"exercised by village committee directors in their duties and the"state-owned nature"of managed assets.It proposes improvements to administrative-criminal and disciplinary-legal coordination mechanisms through legislative interpretations,streamlined procedures for criminal determination,and enhanced oversight of grassroots organizational structures and power dynamics.These measures aim to establish a multi-tiered system for managing,regulating,and preventing duty-related crimes by such individuals.

关 键 词：公共财产 村主任 非法占有 基层治理 犯罪预防 

分 类 号：D924.392[政治法律—刑法学]