峰丛洼地不同土地利用方式土壤水分对降雨入渗的响应机制  

Response Mechanism of Soil Moisture to Rainfall Infiltration in Peak-Cluster Depression Under Different Land Use Patterns

作　　者：林佳欣 罗为群[1,2,3] 张谭锋 陈雅祺 李航 刘绍华 LIN Jia-xin;LUO Wei-qun;ZHANG Tan-feng;CHEN Ya-qi;LI Hang;LIU Shao-hua(Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin 541004,Guangxi Province,China;Pingguo Guangxi,Karst Ecosystem,National Observation and Research Station/Pingguo Baise,Karst Ecosystem,Guangxi Observation and Research Station,Pingguo 531406,Guangxi Province,China;Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangxi/International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization,Guilin 541004,Guangxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004 [2]广西平果喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站/百色平果喀斯特生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站,广西平果531406 [3]自然资源部广西岩溶动力学重点实验室/联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2025年第4期24-30,37,共8页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFF1300702);桂林市重大专项计划项目(20220102-1);中国地质调查局基本科研业务费(2023021);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221820,DD20190502)。

摘　　要：岩溶峰丛洼地是我国西南地区典型的岩溶地貌类型区,该区域石漠化、水土流失及生态退化的问题严重,缺少水土,而其中土壤水是限制岩溶峰丛洼地生态修复与生态系统稳定的关键因素之一。因此,研究土壤水分变化规律对维持峰丛洼地生态环境以及保障人类生产生活具有重要意义。目前的研究缺少对岩溶峰丛洼地不同土地利用方式土壤水分动态变化进行连续监测,并且缺乏基于实时监测数据来探讨降雨入渗对土壤水分含量变化影响的研究。选取了典型岩溶峰丛洼地,对峰丛坡面5种不同土地利用方式土壤水分进行实时监测,通过分析土壤水分的季节变化以及不同降雨强度下土壤水分的响应特征,旨在探究岩溶峰丛洼地坡面不同土地利用方式土壤水分的变化规律及降雨入渗机制。研究结果表明:①传统玉米种植区的平均土壤水分含量最低,赤苍藤种植区土壤水分含量均值最高,玉米+扶芳藤植物篱区和赤苍藤种植区内土壤水分含量在雨季对降雨的响应不显著。②传统玉米种植区、火龙果种植区和玉米+薜荔植物篱区土壤水分含量在旱季较为稳定,而玉米+扶芳藤植物篱区和赤苍藤种植区内土壤水分含量在雨季更为稳定;在雨季,各试验小区土壤水分对降雨的响应更为敏感。③在大雨和暴雨条件下,5种土地利用方式土壤水分含量均对降雨有显著响应;降雨强度越大,土壤水分得到补给的滞后期越短;在大雨条件下,各试验小区土壤水分均得到有效补给,而在暴雨条件下各试验小区土壤水分含量反而减少。④赤苍藤种植区土壤水分受降雨影响最小,其中表层土壤对降雨的响应比深层土壤弱。相比之下,传统玉米种植区土壤水分受降雨影响最大,且深层土壤受降雨影响最为显著。Karst peak-cluster depression is a typical karst geomorphology type area in southwest China,there are serious problems of rocky desertification,soil erosion and ecological degradation in karst area.Soil moisture is one of the key factors limiting the ecological restoration and ecosystem stability in karst peak-cluster depression.The study of soil moisture is of great significance to maintain the ecological environment and human production and life.However,the current research lacks of continuous monitoring of soil moisture under different land use modes in karst peak cluster depression area,and does not discuss the influence of rainfall infiltration on soil moisture content change based on real-time monitoring data.Therefore,this study was carried out in the typical peak cluster depression area,and monitored the soil moisture under five different land use modes of peak cluster slope.By analyzing the seasonal variation of soil moisture and the response characteristics of soil moisture under different rainfall intensities,the soil moisture change and rainfall infiltration mechanism under different land use modes in the karst peak cluster slope depression area were explored.The results showed as follows:①The average soil moisture content in maize was the lowest,and the average soil moisture content in Erythropalum scandens was the highest.The response of soil moisture content in maize+Euonymus fortunei and Erythropalum scandens to rainfall in rainy season was not significant;②the soil moisture content in the traditional maize planting scandens,Pitaya scandens,and the maize+Ficus pumila scandens was more stable in the dry season,while the soil moisture content in the maize+Euonymus fortunei scandens and Erythropalum scandens was more stable in the rainy season.In the rainy season,the response of soil moisture to rainfall was more sensitive in each experimental plot;③under heavy and torrential rainfall conditions,the soil moisture content of the five land-use modes responded significantly to rainfall.The greater

关 键 词：岩溶峰丛洼地 土壤水分 土地利用 降雨入渗 降雨强度 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]