西宁市南山典型林地土壤水分变化特征  

Characteristics of Soil Moisture Changes in Typical Forest Land in Nanshan Mountain,Xining City,China

作　　者：张秀芝 司剑华[1] ZHANG Xiu-zhi;SI Jian-hua(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai Province,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2025年第4期38-43,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：青海省科技厅项目应用基础研究(2020-ZJ-763)。

摘　　要：为探究西宁市典型人工林林地土壤水分时间动态变化规律,选择西宁市南山3种典型林地(油松×青海云杉混交林、油松人工林、青海云杉人工林)作为研究对象,在每块样地布设1个土壤水分观测点,采用管式土壤墒情监测站定位观测2023年5-10月土壤体积含水量,测定深度为100 cm,每10 cm为一个测层,每月分上、中、下旬进行土壤水分含量观测,分析不同林地类型土壤水分时间动态变化规律。结果表明:①日尺度,表层土壤含水量在晴天和阴天白天呈“V”字形变化,土壤含水量日变化与林内温度和土壤温度呈负相关。②季节尺度,土壤水分变化划分为3个时期:土壤水分稳定期、土壤水分消耗期、土壤水分增墒期。③气象因子对土壤水分的影响程度:降水天气下,大气湿度>土壤温度>林内温度>风速>太阳辐射;无降水天气下,大气湿度>风速>林内温度>土壤温度>太阳辐射。To explore the temporal dynamics of soil moisture over time in typical plantation woodlands in Xining City,three types of woodland(Pinus tabuliformis×Picea crassifolia forest,Pinus tabuliformis forest,and Picea crassifolia forest)in Nanshan Mountain of Xining City were selected as study sites.A soil moisture monitoring site was established in each sample plot,and a tube-based soil moisture monitoring system was employed to measure the soil volumetric moisture content from May to October 2023.The measurements were taken at a depth of 100 cm,with every 10 cm representing one measurement layer.Soil moisture content was measured at the beginning,middle,and end of each month to analyze the time dynamic change pattern of soil moisture in different forest types.The results showed that:①At the daily scale,soil moisture content in the surface layer exhibited a'V'-shaped pattern during the daytime on sunny and cloudy days.Daily fluctuations in soil moisture content were negatively correlated with forest temperature and soil temperature.②On a seasonal scale,soil moisture changes were divided into three periods:soil moisture stabilization,soil moisture depletion,and soil moisture gain.③The influence of meteorological factors on soil moisture varied with precipitation conditions.Under precipitation,the ranking of influencing factors was:atmospheric humidity>soil temperature>in-forest temperature>wind speed>solar radiation;under no precipitation weather,atmospheric humidity>wind speed>in-forest temperature>soil temperature>solar radiation.

关 键 词：土壤水分动态 半干旱地区 人工林 油松×青海云杉混交林 

分 类 号：S715[农业科学—林学]