导叶高度改变对旋流器内部水力特性影响分析  

Analysis of the Influence of the Change of Guide Vane Height on the Internal Hydraulic Characteristics of the Cyclone

作　　者：卫松 李永业[1] 张向东 张林 刘盈含 WEI Song;LI Yong-ye;ZHANG Xiang-dong;ZHANG Lin;LIU Ying-han(Water Conservancy Science and Engineering School,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi Province,China;Safety Section,Ningbo Water Conservancy Engineering Quality and Safety Management Center,Ningbo 315000,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]宁波市水利工程质量安全管理中心安全科,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2025年第4期53-60,共8页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51179116);山西省自然科学基金资助项目(202303021211141)。

摘　　要：为了探究导叶片式旋流器结构参数的变化对旋流器内部水力特性的影响,采用数值模拟与物理实验相结合的方法,将导叶高度这一结构参数作为研究对象,对不同导叶高度旋流器的水力性能进行分析。结果表明:在导叶直段和扭曲程度较小的扭曲段,轴向速度在导叶表面附近较低,而在管道中心和导叶远处较高。对于扭曲程度较大的扭曲段,轴向速度从迎水面至背水面逐渐增加,并且随着导叶高度的增加而增加;导叶直段的径向速度较低,而在扭曲段,径向速度随着扭曲程度的增加而增大。在迎水面附近,径向速度朝向管道轴线,而在背水面附近则朝向管道壁,这两种速度模式交替出现;导叶扭曲程度的增加导致断面周向速度增大。背水面和迎水面附近的周向速度高于远离导叶的区域,且背水面的速度高于迎水面。导叶内缘存在负周向速度区域,其极小值的绝对值随着导叶高度的增加而减小;导叶前缘和后缘的局部机械能损失随着导叶高度的增加而增大。导叶段沿程的机械能损失基本保持不变,但是导叶高度越大,损失速度越快。旋流器的机械效率随着导叶高度的增加而降低,而随着雷诺数的增加而提高。研究结论为进一步优化旋流器结构参数提供理论依据。This study explores the influence of changes in the structural parameters of guide vane cyclones on their internal hydraulic characteristics.Numerical simulation and physical experiments are used to analyze the hydraulic performance of cyclones with different guide vane heights.The results show that the axial velocity is lower near the surface of the guide vane in the straight section and the less twisted section of the guide vane,but higher in the center of the pipe and far away from the guide vane.For the twisting section with a large degree of twisting,the axial velocity gradually increases from the frontal surface to the backwater surface,and increases with the increase of the height of the guide vane.The radial velocity of the straight section of the guide vane is low,while the radial velocity of the twisted section increases with the increase of the degree of twisting.Near the frontal surface,the radial velocity is towards the pipe axis,while near the backwater is towards the pipe wall,and the two velocity modes alternate;The increase of the degree of distortion of the guide vane leads to the increase of the circumferential velocity of the cross-section.The circumferential velocity near the backwater and headwater is higher than in the area away from the guide vanes,and the velocity on the backwater is higher than the headwater.A negative circumferential velocity region exists at the inner edge of the guide vane.The absolute value of its minimum decreases with increasing guide vane height.Local mechanical energy loss at the leading and trailing edges of the guide vanes increases with increasing guide vane height.The mechanical energy loss along the guide vane section remains basically unchanged,but the higher the height of the guide vane,the faster the loss rate.The mechanical efficiency of the cyclone decreases with the increase of the guide vane height and increases with the increase of the Reynolds number.The conclusions of this paper provide a theoretical basis for further optimization of the structural

关 键 词：旋流器 螺旋流 导叶高度 旋流特性 水力特性 

分 类 号：S227.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程] TV134.2[农业科学—农业工程]