地下膜调控润灌对花椰菜生长及水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Underground Membrane Controlled Irrigation on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Cauliflower

作　　者：牛芃涵 吴现兵[1] 程伍群[1] 贾志军 陈丽 顾宗芳 NIU Peng-han;WU Xian-bing;CHENG Wu-qun;JIA Zhi-jun;CHEN Li;GU Zhong-fang(Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071000,Hebei Province,China;Hebei Water Resources Research and Water Conservancy Technology Test and Extension Center,Shijiazhuang 050000,Hebei Province,China;Baoding Irrigation Experiment Station,Baoding 071000,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学,河北保定071000 [2]河北省水资源研究与水利技术试验推广中心,河北石家庄050000 [3]保定市灌溉试验站,河北保定071000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2025年第4期88-95,共8页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：河北省水利科技计划项目(2022-14);国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1900804-06)。

摘　　要：为探究花椰菜在地下膜调控润灌条件下适宜的灌水制度。针对地下膜调控润灌(G),设定190 m^(3)/hm^(2)(L_(1))、125 m^(3)/hm^(2)(L_(2))和95 m^(3)/hm^(2)(L_(3))3个单次灌水定额,设置25 cm(S_(1))、20 cm(S_(2))和30 cm(S_(3))3个调控膜埋深,以地表滴灌(F)不设置调控膜(S0)灌水定额为L_(1)、L_(2)、L_(3)作为对照,共计8个处理。试验结果表明:地下膜调控润灌在全生育周期内灌水总量比地表滴灌低15%~25%,且地下膜调控润灌的产量及水分利用效率高于地表滴灌,水分利用效率地下膜调控润灌在春秋两季试验比地表滴灌高3.36%~8.56%,2.31%~8.19%;地下膜调控润灌条件下,S_(2)L_(1)-G处理的花椰菜各生长指标、产量和水分利用效率最大,花椰菜株高、茎粗、叶面积、干物质重、生物产量与单次灌水定额呈正相关,与调控膜埋深呈负相关,且大部分处理间存在显著性差异。春秋两季试验花椰菜生物产量和水分利用效率S_(1)L_(1)-G、S_(2)L_(1)-G处理最大,其值分别为:26.752 t/hm^(2)、24.46 kg/m^(3),27.860 t/hm^(2)、24.91 kg/m^(3)(春季)和24.496 t/hm^(2)、23.62 kg/m^(3),25.267 t/hm^(2)、24.21 kg/m^(3)(秋季)。由于这两个处理未达到显著性差异水平,且考虑到种植前后需要田间机械作业,调控膜埋深20 cm影响耕作,因此推荐调控膜埋深25 cm的S_(1)L_(1)-G处理。综合分析,在地下膜调控润技术下,花椰菜灌水下限可为70%田间持水率、灌水上限可为100%田间持水率,调控膜埋深可定为25 cm。This study explores the appropriate irrigation system for cauliflower under underground membrane-controlled irrigation conditions.For underground membrane controlled irrigation(G),three single irrigation quotas of 190 m^(3)/hm^(2)(L_(1)),125 m^(3)/hm^(2)(L_(2))and 95 m^(3)/hm^(2)(L_(3))were set,and three control film burial depths of 25 cm(S_(1)),20 cm(S_(2))and 30 cm(S3)were set.The irrigation quota of surface drip irrigation (F) without regulation film (S0) was L_(1), L_(2), L_(3) as the control, a total of 8 treatments. The results showed that the total irrigation amountduring the entire growth cycle was 15%~25% lower than that of surface drip irrigation. Additionally, subsurface membrane-controlledirrigation led to higher yield and water use efficiency. Water use efficiency was 5.36%~8.56% higher in spring and 2.13%~8.19% higher inautumn compared to surface drip irrigation. Growth indices, yield and water use efficiency of cauliflower treated with S_(2)L_(1)-G were the highestunder subsurface membrane-controlled irrigation conditions. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, dry matter weight and biological yield ofcauliflower treated with S_(2)L_(1)-G were positively correlated with single irrigation quota and negatively correlated with subsurface membraneburied depth, and there were significant differences among most treatments. The biological yield and water use efficiency of cauliflower underS_(1)L_(1)-G and S_(1)L_(1)-G treatments were the highest in both spring and autumn. The values were 26.752 t/hm^(2) and 24.46 kg/m^(3), 27.860 t/hm^(2) and24.91 kg/m^(3) in spring, and 24.496 t/hm^(2) and 23.62 kg/m^(3), 25.267 t/hm^(2) and 24.21 kg/m^(3) in autumn. Although no significant difference wasobserved between the two treatments, considering the impact of a 20 cm membrane burial depth on field operations, the S_(1)L_(1)-G treatment witha membrane burial depth of 25 cm is recommended. By comprehensive analysis, the lower limit of broccoli irrigation can be set as 70% fieldwater retention, the upper limit is 1

关 键 词：地下膜调控润灌 生长指标 花椰菜 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S275.4[农业科学—农业水土工程] S635.3[农业科学—农业工程]