中华文明包容性与中华民族共同体的形成  

Inclusiveness of Chinese Civilization and Formation of the Chinese National Community

作　　者：李乔[1] Li Qiao(Institute of History and Archaeology,Henan Academy of Social Sciences/Henan Heluo Culture Research Center,Zhengzhou,450002,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省社会科学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《民族学刊》2025年第2期67-76,147,共11页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项2023年度重大招标项目“大历史观下的中华文明突出特性研究”(23VLS001);河南省兴文化工程文化研究专项项目“基于中华民族共同体视角的10-14世纪中原地区民族交往交流交融研究”(2024XWH147);河南省兴文化工程文化研究专项项目“中原在中华文明起源、形成及早期发展中的地位与作用研究”(2023XWH019);郑州中华之源与嵩山文明研究会重大研究项目“嵩山文明研究工程”之“民族融合卷”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文章围绕中华文明包容性与中华民族共同体形成间关系进行深入研究,目的在于揭示中华文明包容性内涵及其对中华民族共同体形成的作用机制。在以中华文明发展历程为研究对象,采用文献研究法对相关历史文献资料进行梳理研究后认为,中华文明包容性的理论内涵包括求同存异、和合共生、兼收并蓄等,在实践层面表现为中华民族交往交流交融、宗教信仰多元并存、对世界文明兼收并蓄等方面。从先秦时期的中华民族共同体意识萌芽,秦汉时期的中华民族共同体初步确立,到魏晋南北朝时期的深度融合与拓展,隋唐时期的进一步巩固,再到宋元明清时期的持续发展成熟,中华文明包容性通过和而不同思想、华夷一家理念、协和万邦政策等始终对中华民族共同体的形成发挥着重要作用。这一研究成果不仅对丰富和深化中华民族史的研究有积极作用,对新征程上铸牢中华民族共同体意识,推进新时代党的民族工作高质量发展也有重要的借鉴作用。The inclusiveness of Chinese civilization includes theoretical connotations such as seeking common ground while reserving differences,harmonious coexistence,and the integration of various elements.At the practical level of ethnic exchange,communication,and integration,from the interactions between the Huaxia people and their surrounding tribes and groups in the pre-Qin period,advancing to the establishment of a unified multi-ethnic state in the Qin and Han dynasties,and then through the continuous ethnic integration processes in different historical periods,it vividly demonstrate a mutual tolerance among different ethnic groups.Regarding religious beliefs,a unique religious and cultural pattern with Chinese characteristics featuring a diversified,harmonious coexistence and mutual respect was formed.This has embodied in Buddhism's integration with local cultures,Taoism's absorption of Buddhist thought,and Islam and Christianity's integration with local cultures.In addition,Chinese civilization has always maintained an open-minded attitude towards world civilizations:From the Silk Road during the Han Dynasty through foreign exchanges during the Tang Dynasty,and then to Zheng He's voyages to the Western Seas during the Ming Dynasty,there has been a continuous and reciprocal influence between China and world civilizations.In terms of the historical formation of the Chinese National Community,it briefly went through the following stages:During the pre-Qin period,the Huaxia group,through battles and integration with tribes such as the Dongyi and Jiuli,formed tribal alliances under the inclusive ethos of the Yellow Emperor.Yao,Shun,and Yu carried forward this spirit,strengthening the Huaxia people,who integrated with surrounding ethnic groups during the Xia,Shang,and Zhou dynasties.During the Spring,Autumn,and Warring States periods,the Huaxia people maintained close interactions with other ethnic groups,and an initial consciousness of the Chinese national community began to emerge.After the unification by Qin Shi Huang

关 键 词：中华文明包容性 中华民族共同体 和而不同 华夷一家 协和万邦 

分 类 号：C951[社会学—民族学]