任乃强先生对和平解放西藏的贡献及历史启示  

Ren Naiqiang's Contributions to the Peaceful Liberation of Xizang and Their Historical Implications

作　　者：郎维伟[1] 刘琳[1] Lang Weiwei;Liu Lin(Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China;School of Community for the Chinese Nation,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学,四川成都610041

出　　处：《民族学刊》2025年第2期87-94,149,共9页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：2023年度国家民委高等教育教学改革研究项目“铸牢中华民族共同体意识融入高校立德树人全过程研究”(23021);西南民族大学中华民族共同体研究院团队委托项目“中国共产党领导中华民族共同体建设的理论与实践研究”(2024GTT-WT04)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1950年初,任乃强先生应邀与贺龙司令员面谈解放西藏事宜时,从地理环境、语言习俗、文化宗教等方面陈述了进军西藏的困难,并结合西藏实际,从祖国统一、社会改革、民族团结等方面阐释了进军的任务及策略。任先生认为和平解放西藏的第一步就是做到捍卫国家的主权。西藏和平解放后,社会要进步须进行改革,鉴于西藏社会的特殊性,要“在民族融洽之下协商推行新政,慢慢进行改革”,在推进改革中要尊重当地习俗。任先生还根据地理形势、军队布防对进军路线提出建议,并主持绘制和提供进军西藏的地图。任乃强先生的建言献策受到重视和采纳,为和平解放西藏作出重要贡献,也为后人留下有意义的历史启示。In the early 1950s,when Ren Naiqiang was invited to have a face-to-face talk with Commander He Long about the liberation of Xizang,he presented three major challenges hindering the liberation of Xizang,along with corresponding countermeasures,tasks and strategies for the march,and recommendations on the marching route.He also supervised the drawing and provision of maps for the advance into Xizang.Ren's suggestions were taken seriously and adopted,making substantial contributions to the peaceful liberation of Xizang and leaving meaningful historical implications for future generations.Ren first addressed the need to overcome three difficulties in the liberation of Xizang.The first obstacle was Xizang's geographical location on the plateau.He pointed out that it was not only a matter of the cold climate and logistical difficulties,but also the peril posed by the thin air.To tackle this issue,Ren suggested that the troops entering Xizang should undergo physical examinations,and those with illnesses unsuitable for high-altitude areas should not be dispatched.He furthermore emphasized the importance of traveling light,advancing slowly,and gradually acclimatizing to the geographical environment through steady physical training.His advice provided important references for the smooth advance of the troops,who adopted his suggestions to prepare in advance to prevent non-combat casualties.The second difficulty was the difference in customs and language barriers.He proposed recruiting people that were proficient in both Tibetan and Chinese into the military.Additionally,he suggested that in the future,the troops stationed in Xizang and other staff should generally learn the local language and gain an in-depth understanding of Tibetan customs.At the same time,local young people should be encouraged to join the People's Liberation Army,and soldiers should be mixed in the same unit to learn from each other,gradually cultivating PLA soldiers who would be fluent in both Tibetan and Chinese.The third difficulty pertained to the

关 键 词：任乃强 和平解放西藏 重要贡献 历史启示 

分 类 号：C957[社会学—民族学]