从冠服意象到法律身份的确立——朝鲜族融入中华民族共同体法律历史进程  

From Costume Imagery to the Establishment of Legal Identity:The Legal History of the Integration of the Korean Ethnic People into the Chinese National Community

作　　者：赵琪 葛子文 鄂艺珅 Zhao Qi;Ge Ziwen;E Yikun(School of Law,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Zhigao Law Firm,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学,四川成都610041 [2]四川致高律师事务所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《民族学刊》2025年第1期62-71,156,共11页Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：研究阐释党的二十届三中全会精神国家社科基金重大专项“促进民族团结进步法制保障研究”(24ZDA066);西南民族大学2025年度中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2025SYB02)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：为规范越垦朝鲜民众的管理,清政府早在1890年颁布了“薙发易服”令。之后在解决日本挑起的间岛领土争端中,清政府出台《大清国籍条例》,以法律上的国籍取代传统冠服意象的国民身份来遏制日本入侵中国延吉地区的企图。随着日本加深对中国东北的入侵,民国政府也加强了对定居中国朝鲜民众入籍的管理,两部国籍立法及相关的朝鲜民众入籍规章相继生效。自“薙发易服”令及其后的相关立法构成了朝鲜族民众融入中华民族共同体的法律历史起点并深化了这一进程。1927年,中国共产党在满洲成立临时省委后,采取了平等、宽容、灵活、自愿的国籍政策,将平等的土地权和实际的双重国籍相结合,体现了中国共产党宽广的胸怀和对朝鲜族民众深切的关怀。由此,朝鲜族民众不仅完成了由冠服的意象到平等法律身份的真正确立,而且从内心真正认同了中华民族,最终达成朝鲜族民众与中华人民共和国认同的双向共生。“Nationality”is a Western concept that had no presence in pre-modern China.From the Qing Dynasty to the establishment of the New China,starting with the birth of the concept of nationality and the promulgation of the Regulation on Nationality of the Qing Dynasty,the Chinese government implemented various nationality policies towards the Hanmin(Korean ethnic people)in various periods.Finally,under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the Korean ethnic people of China have consciously traversed a historical journey,transitioning from“costume change”to legal naturalization,from being subjects of the Qing Dynasty to citizens of the New China,from a state of dependence to full acceptance.They have achieved the status as Chinese citizens on an equal footing,free from any form of discrimination.During the 19th century,a lot of Koreans crossed the border rivers to cultivate land within Chinese territory,and gradually settled down in China.In 1890,the Zongli Yamen(China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs)ordered that those Korean people who wished to stay in China could“be registered as commoners in the same way as the Chinese and pay an annual rent for the land they settled on condition that they must shave their hair and change their clothes”.This marked the first time that the traditional custom of naturalization was enacted by administrative decree in China,serving as the legal origin for Korean settlers to become Chinese nationals and integrate into the Chinese community.In 1909,the Qing government issued the Qing Nationality Regulations,replacing the traditional practice of determining national identity based on costume and appearance with legal nationality,as a means to counter Japan's attempts to invade the Yanji area of China.Legally speaking,this regulation represented a significant historical step for the Korean ethnic group in China to become part of the large Chinese family.However,the Regulation obviously failed to bring them a sense of physical and mental acceptance,equal treatment,and

关 键 词：中华民族共同体 朝鲜族民众 冠服意象 法律身份 历史进程 

分 类 号：C956[社会学—民族学]