玉米赤霉烯酮致动物机体肠损伤的研究进展  

Research progress on intestinal injury caused by zearalenone in animal

作　　者：杨凡 徐文静 魏文娟 陈晓光[1] 吕琼霞[1] YANG Fan;XU Wenjing;WEI Wenjuan;CHEN Xiaoguang;LYU Qiongxia(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学动物科技学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2025年第4期28-34,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(202102110093);企业横向课题“一种缓解玉米赤霉烯酮对兔生长发育影响的硒代蛋氨酸饲料的开发”(22010154)。

摘　　要：玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEA)是一种由镰刀菌产生的非甾体雌激素类真菌毒素,也是目前污染食品和饲料最普遍的霉菌毒素之一。动物摄入被ZEA污染的饲料易对其多个组织器官造成损伤,肠道作为机体主要的消化器官和重要的免疫器官,也是该毒素作用的重要靶器官。ZEA进入动物机体后,易对动物肠道的形态结构、屏障、抗氧化功能和免疫机能等造成损害,进而影响肠道对营养物质的吸收。ZEA通过损伤动物机械屏障、化学屏障、微生物屏障、免疫屏障等破坏肠道上皮完整性,通过Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(Keap1)-核因子红系衍生2样(Nrf2)、蛋白激酶R样内质网激酶(PERK)信号通路诱导氧化损伤,激活核转录因子(NF-κB)信号通路、核苷酸结合寡聚结构域(NLRP3)炎性小体诱导肠道分泌白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)等促炎因子引起肠道炎症反应,或通过激活转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、环磷腺苷直接激活的交换蛋白1/Ras相关蛋白1/c-Jun氨基末端激酶(Epac1/Rap1/JNK)、P38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/JNK(P38 MAPK/JNK)信号通路诱导动物肠道细胞凋亡与自噬。本文综述了ZEA引起动物的肠损伤及其作用机制,以期为降低饲料中ZEA危害提供新的思路和理论依据,同时对提高动物肉品质安全具有战略意义。Zearalenone(ZEA)is a nonsteroidal estrogenic fungal toxin produced by Fusarium species and is currently one of the most common mycotoxins that contaminate food and feed.The intake of ZEA-contaminated feed can easily cause damage to multiple tissues and organs.The intestine,as the main digestive organ and important immune organ,is also an important target organ for the toxin.Upon entering the animal’s body,ZEA can impair the intestinal morphology,intestinal barrier,intestinal antioxidant function,and immune function,thereby affecting the absorption of nutrients.ZEA mainly damages the integrity of intestinal epithelium by disrupting mechanical barriers,chemical barriers,microbial barriers,and immune barriers.It induces oxidative damage through Keap1-Nrf2 and PERK signaling pathways,activating inflammatory responses by stimulating the NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome to release pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-2,IL-6,and IFN-γin the intestine.Additionally,ZEA can induce intestinal cell apoptosis and autophagy by activating the TGF-β,Epac1/Rap1/JNK,and P38/JNK/MAPK signaling pathways.This article summarized the mechanisms of intestinal injury caused by ZEA in animals,in order to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for reducing the harm of ZEA in feed,and at the same time,it had strategic significance for improving the quality and safety of animal meat.

关 键 词：玉米赤霉烯酮 肠 损伤 研究进展 氧化损伤 

分 类 号：S852[农业科学—基础兽医学]