“U”型枕用于预防ICU昏迷患者枕部压力性损伤的效果研究  

Effect Study of the“U”-shaped Pillow in Preventing Occipital Pressure Injuries in Comatose Patients in the ICU

作　　者：陈永梅 王洪杰 Chen Yongmei;Wang Hongjie(Department of Critical Care Medicine,Linyi County People’s Hospital,Dezhou,Shandong 251500;Department of Endocrinology,Linyi County People’s Hospital,Dezhou,Shandong 251500)

机构地区：[1]临邑县人民医院重症医学科,山东德州251500 [2]临邑县人民医院内分泌科,山东德州251500

出　　处：《科技与健康》2025年第3期109-112,共4页Technology and Health

摘　　要：探讨“U”型枕在重症监护病房(ICU)昏迷患者枕部压力性损伤预防中的应用效果。选择100例ICU昏迷、GCS评分为3~8分、不能自主翻身、Barthel评分结果为重度依赖、入住ICU时枕部无破损及创面的患者进行研究,随机将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各50例。对照组常规应用医用枕头;观察组在对照组基础上使用“U”型枕,将其置于患者枕部及颈部,使整个枕骨粗隆悬空,不受压,对比两组患者在枕部压力性损伤发生率、枕部潮湿情况以及护理满意度方面的差异。结果显示,相较于对照组,观察组枕部压力性损伤发生率相对更低,枕部潮湿情况相对更优,且护理满意度更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究发现,对ICU昏迷患者头部使用“U”型枕,能有效减少枕部压力性损伤的发生,提高患者的生活质量。To explore the application effect of the“U”-shaped pillow in preventing occipital pressure injuries in comatose patients in the intensive care unit(ICU).A total of 100 comatose patients in the ICU with a Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)score of 3 to 8,who were unable to turn over independently,had a Barthel Index score indicating severe dependence,and had no occipital damage or wounds upon admission to the ICU were selected for the study.They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 50 patients in each group.The control group routinely used a medical pillow.The observation group used a“U”-shaped pillow on the basis of the control group.The“U”-shaped pillow was placed under the patients’occipital and neck regions to make the entire external occipital protuberance suspended in the air and free from pressure.The differences in the incidence of occipital pressure injuries,the dampness condition of the occipital region,and nursing satisfaction between the two groups of patients were compared.The results showed that compared with the control group,the observation group had a relatively lower incidence of occipital pressure injuries,a relatively better condition of the dampness of the occipital region,and higher nursing satisfaction,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).It is found that using a“U”-shaped pillow on the head of comatose patients in the ICU can effectively reduce the occurrence of occipital pressure injuries and improve the quality of life of patients.

关 键 词：压力性损伤 重症患者 “U”型枕护理 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]