主要粮食作物中重金属污染现状及其风险评估  

Pollution Status and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Main Grain Crops

作　　者：杨树恩 YANG Shuen(Taian City Daiyue District Grain Quality Monitoring Station,Taian 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]泰安市岱岳区粮食质量监测站,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《现代食品》2025年第4期142-144,共3页Modern Food

摘　　要：近年来,随着我国工业化和城市化的快速推进,农田土壤重金属污染问题日益严重,对粮食安全和公众健康构成了严峻挑战。本文全面审视了我国主要粮食作物重金属污染的现状,深入探讨了不同地区粮食作物中重金属的分布特征及其来源。详细分析了重金属污染对粮食作物产量和品质的影响,并运用多种风险评估方法对粮食作物中重金属污染的潜在风险进行了综合评估。研究结果表明,我国部分地区粮食作物遭受了显著的重金属污染,特别是镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铅(Pb)等元素的污染较为普遍。重金属污染不仅降低了粮食作物的产量和品质,还可能通过食物链对人体健康带来潜在威胁。因此,加强农田土壤重金属污染的监控与治理,保障粮食安全和公众健康,已成为我国亟待解决的环境问题。In recent years,with the rapid progress of industrialization and urbanization in China,the problem of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil has become increasingly serious,posing a severe challenge to food security and public health.In this paper,the current situation of heavy metal pollution in major grain crops in China is comprehensively surveyed,and the distribution characteristics and sources of heavy metals in grain crops in different regions are deeply discussed.This paper analyzes the influence of heavy metal pollution on the yield and quality of grain crops in detail,and comprehensively evaluates the potential risk of heavy metal pollution in grain crops by using various risk assessment methods.The results show that food crops in some areas of China have suffered from significant heavy metal pollution,especially cadmium(Cd),mercury(Hg),arsenic(As),lead(Pb)and other elements.Heavy metal pollution not only reduces the yield and quality of food crops,but also may pose a potential threat to human health through the food chain.Therefore,strengthening the monitoring and control of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil to ensure food security and public health has become an urgent environmental problem in China.

关 键 词：粮食作物 重金属污染 现状 风险评估 

分 类 号：X56[环境科学与工程—环境工程]