儿童肺炎支原体感染抗生素治疗策略  

Strategy of antibiotic use in treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in pediatric patients

作　　者：付晓燕[1] 窦海伟 史大伟[3] 齐文杰[3] 王瑞白[4] 辛德莉[3] Fu Xiaoyan;Dou Haiwei;Shi Dawei;Qi Wenjie;Wang Ruibai;Xin Deli(Beiing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China;Beijing Fengtai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100076,China;Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100050,China;National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院,北京100020 [2]北京市丰台区中医医院,北京100076 [3]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院,北京100050 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,北京102206

出　　处：《疾病监测》2025年第2期239-244,共6页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：肺炎支原体是儿童呼吸道感染的重要病原体之一。近年来临床大环内酯类耐药肺炎支原体引起的感染显著上升,其引起的支原体肺炎患儿发热时间延长,肺外并发症增多,需要激素治疗比例增高,住院时间延长,严重增加了医疗及社会经济负担,引起了国内外的高度关注。本研究就肺炎支原体病原学和流行病学特点、治疗常用抗生素及耐药机制、耐药现状及成因等方面进行综述,对治疗支原体肺炎的抗生素使用策略进行了探讨,以期获得更好的临床疗效,并通过监测和多学科合作,合理选择用药策略,使整体的耐药形势得到控制和改善。Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major pathogen responsible for respiratory infections in children.In recent years,the incidence of clinical infection caused by macrolide-resistant M.pneumoniae increased obviously,the infection is characterized by prolonged fever duration,higher incidence of extrapulmonary complication,increased hormone use and longer hospital stay,resulting more severe medical and socio-economic burden and arousing great concern both at home and abroad.This article summarizes the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of M.pneumoniae,commonly used antibiotics,the mechanisms and prevalence of drug resistance and related factors,discusses the strategy of antibiotic use in the treatment of M.pneumoniae infection to provide evidence for the improvements of clinical treatment efficacy,systematic surveillance,multidisciplinary collaboration and antibiotic selection for the purpose of mitigation and control of the drug resistance.

关 键 词：肺炎支原体 大环内酯类 耐药机制 抗生素合理使用 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R357.2