基于相控阵超声衍射波成像的球罐厚壁结构内部缺陷的定量检测  

Quantitative detection of internal defects in thick wall structure of spherical tank based on ultrasonic phased array diffraction imaging

作　　者：王红源 邱心纪 邓红星 张伟 陈振华[2] 卢超[2] WANG Hongyuan;QIU Xinji;DENG Hongxing;ZHANG Wei;CHEN Zhenhua;LU Chao(Ningbo Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Ningbo 315048,China;Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing of Ministry of Education,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市特种设备检验研究院,宁波315048 [2]南昌航空大学无损检测技术教育部重点实验室,南昌330063

出　　处：《无损检测》2025年第3期22-28,共7页Nondestructive Testing

基　　金：宁波市重大科技任务攻关项目(2022Z165);江西省重点研发计划项目资助(20212BBE51006)。

摘　　要：相控阵超声检测技术适用于厚壁结构内部缺陷的无损检测,其长度定量方法常采用传统-6 dB幅度法,难以提高平面型缺陷的定量精度。据此,提出了结合相控阵声场控制优势的平面型缺陷端部衍射波时差定量方法。首先,建立检测过程的数值模型,分析相控阵声场下缺陷端衍射波激发机理;其次,分析和提取厚壁试件缺陷端衍射波信号,并据此对其进行定位和定量检测;最后,对比分析相控阵超声衍射时差定量方法与-6 dB幅度法的定量检测能力。试验结果表明,在相控阵扇形扫描声场下,通过调整探头位置可有效接收到缺陷端部的衍射波信号,基于缺陷端部衍射波信号的定位定量精度比-6 dB波幅法的精度更高,且相控阵超声衍射时差法更适用于平面型缺陷的检测。Ultrasonic phased array detection technology is suitable for nondestructive testing of internal defects in thick-walled structures.However,the traditional-6 dB amplitude method is often used for quantification of the phased array,which is difficult to improve the quantitative accuracy of planar defects.Based on this,a quantitative method of diffraction wave time difference at the end of planar defects was proposed,which combined the advantages of phased array sound field control.Firstly,the numerical model of the detection process was established,and the excitation mechanism of the diffraction wave at the defect end under the phased array sound field was analyzed.Secondly,the diffraction wave signal of the defect end of the thick-walled sample was extracted,and the location and quantitative detection were carried out accordingly.Finally,the quantitative detection ability of ultrasonic phased array diffraction wave quantitative method and-6 dB amplitude method was compared and analyzed.The experimental results showed that the diffraction wave signals at the end of the defect could be effectively received by adjusting the position of the probe in the fan-shaped scanning sound field of the phased array,and the positioning and quantitative accuracy based on the diffraction wave signals at the end of the defect was higher than that of the-6 dB amplitude method,and the diffraction wave detection was more suitable for the detection of planar defects.

关 键 词：相控阵超声 衍射波 定量检测 裂纹 

分 类 号：TG115.28[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]