高血压患者主动健康行为现状及影响因素研究  

Status and influencing factors of active health behaviours in patients with hypertension

作　　者：朱天顺 朱可可 薛会元 焦聪聪 魏长慧 买飒 李晨菲 王贺 ZHU Tianshun;ZHU Keke;XUE Huiyuan;JIAO Congcong;WEI Changhui;MAI Sa;LI Chenfei;WANG He(School of Nursing,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou,450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学护理学院,郑州市450000 [2]郑州大学附属郑州中心医院CCU [3]郑州大学附属郑州中心医院健康管理服务中心 [4]郑州大学附属郑州中心医院心血管内科一病区 [5]郑州大学附属郑州中心医院纪委办公室 [6]河南中医药大学人民医院/郑州人民医院神经内一科

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2025年第3期369-374,共6页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20230787);郑州市软科学研究计划项目(郑科[2023]45号-5)。

摘　　要：目的:调查高血压患者主动健康行为现状,并分析影响因素,以期为高血压健康管理方案制定提供依据。方法:于2023年12月至2024年4月,采用便利抽样法,选取在河南省郑州市5所三级甲等医院住院的高血压患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、高血压患者主动健康行为量表、心血管疾病风险感知评估工具、高血压治疗依从性量表进行调查。结果:高血压患者主动健康行为量表得分为(109.88±6.82)分,多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、高血压病程、高脂血症、心血管疾病绝对风险感知条目得分、高血压患者治疗依从性得分是高血压患者主动健康行为的影响因素(P<0.05),共同解释91.8%的变异。结论:高血压患者主动健康行为处于中等偏上水平;年轻、病程短、未罹患高脂血症的高血压患者主动健康行为较好,提高心血管疾病绝对风险感知水平及治疗依从性有利于促进高血压患者的主动健康行为,控制血压水平,减少并发症的发生。Objective:To investigate the current status of proactive health behaviours in patients with hypertension and to analyze the influencing factors,aiming to provide a basis for the development of hypertension health management programs.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select hypertensive patients in five tertiary grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou,Henan province from December 2023 to April 2024.The general information questionnaire,the Active Health Behaviour Scale for hypertensive patients,the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Perception Assessment Tool,and the Therapeutic Adherence Scale for Hypertensive Patients were used in this study.Results:The Active Health Behaviour Scale score for hypertensive patients was 109.88±6.82.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,duration of hypertension,hyperlipidaemia,score of perceived risk of cardiovascular disease entry,and score of adherence to treatment for hypertensive patients were the factors influencing their active health behaviours(P<0.05),which together explained 91.8%of the total variance.Conclusion:Active health behaviours are at a moderate level in hypertensive patients.The behaviors are better in those hypertensive patients with younger ages,shorter duration of illness,and no hyperlipidaemia.Improved absolute risk perception of cardiovascular disease and adherence to treatment are conducive to the promotion of active health behaviours,control of blood pressure levels and reduction of complications in hypertensive patients.

关 键 词：高血压 主动健康行为 风险感知 依从性 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R197[医药卫生—临床医学]