放松护理在低体重早产儿父亲支持母乳喂养中的应用  

Application of relaxation nursing intervention to support breastfeeding in fathers of low-weight preterm infants

作　　者：王莉娟 赵春娜[2] 薛军[3] 李静 张学颖[5] 刘欣[1] 付丽[3] 万福香[1] WANG Lijuan;ZHAO Chunna;XUE Jun;LI Jing;ZHANG Xueying;LIU Xin;FU Li;WAN Fuxiang(Department of Neonatology,The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin,300211,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学第二医院新生儿科,天津市300211 [2]天津医科大学第二医院耳鼻喉科,天津市300211 [3]天津医科大学第二医院护理部,天津市300211 [4]天津市医学高等专科学校 [5]天津市中心妇产科医院新生儿科

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2025年第3期438-443,共6页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：天津医科大学2023年度医院管理创新研究项目(2023YG19);天津市护理学会2023年度立项科研课题(tjhlky2023QN09)。

摘　　要：目的 :分析放松护理干预在低体重早产儿父亲支持母乳喂养中的应用效果,以期为临床干预提供借鉴及参考。方法 :采用便利抽样法,选取2023年9月至2024年1月入住天津市某三级甲等医院新生儿科并符合纳入标准的72例低体重早产儿及其父亲作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各36例。干预组采用放松护理干预方案,对照组接受常规护理。于出院前、出院4周、8周、12周使用焦虑自评量表、父亲支持母乳喂养自我效能简式量表进行评价,对低体重早产儿体重、纯母乳喂养率进行比较。结果 :干预组低体重早产儿在出院后4周、8周、12周,其父亲焦虑水平均低于对照组,纯母乳喂养率均高于对照组(69.4%vs 44.4%,61.1%vs36.1%,58.3%vs 33.3%),在出院后8周和12周,其父亲支持母乳喂养的自我效能均优于对照组,在出院后12周,早产儿体重高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 :放松护理干预可有效改善低体重早产儿父亲的焦虑水平,提高低体重早产儿父亲支持母乳喂养的信心,提高纯母乳喂养率,间接促进低体重早产儿体重增长。Objective:To analyze the effect of relaxation nursing intervention in supporting breastfeeding of fathers of low-weight preterm infants,to provide a reference for clinical intervention.Methods:A total of 72 low-weight preterm infants and their fathers who met the inclusion criteria and were admitted to the neonatal department of a tertiary grade A hospital in Tianjin from September 2023 to January 2024 were selected by convenience sampling.The random number table method was used to divide cases into intervention and control groups,with 36 cases in each group.The intervention group received a relaxation nursing intervention program,and the control group received routine nursing.Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Father Support Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form were used before discharge,4 weeks,8 weeks,and 12 weeks after discharge,and the weight and exclusive breastfeeding rate of low-weight preterm infants were compared.Results:At 4 weeks,8 weeks,and 12 weeks after discharge,the anxiety level of the fathers in the intervention group of low-weight preterm infants was lower than that of the control group,and the rate of exclusive breastfeeding was higher than that of the control group(69.4%vs 44.4%,61.1%vs 36.1%,58.3%vs 33.3%).At 8 weeks and 12 weeks after discharge,the self-efficacy of the fathers in supporting breastfeeding was better than that of the control group.At 12 weeks after discharge,the weight of preterm infants was higher than that of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Relaxation nursing intervention can effectively improve the anxiety level of fathers of low-weight preterm infants,enhance the confidence of breastfeeding support for fathers of low-weight preterm infants,increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding,and indirectly promote the weight gain of low-weight preterm infants.

关 键 词：护理干预 放松疗法 早产儿 低体重儿 母乳喂养 父亲支持 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R197[医药卫生—临床医学]