海上风电和光伏对景观视觉质量影响评价  

Evaluation of the Impact of Offshore Wind Power and Photovoltaics on Seascape Visual Quality

作　　者：陆佳依 谭晓璇 蒋欣慰 郭瑾 LU Jiayi;TAN Xiaoxuan;JIANG Xinwci;GUO Jin(Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited,Hangzhou 311122,China;The Ocean Consulting Center,MNR,Eeijing 10016l,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,杭州311122 [2]自然资源部海洋咨询中心,北京100161

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2024年第12期37-45,共9页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：浙江省“领雁”研发计划“海洋蓝碳生态系统增汇关键技术与示范应用”(2023C03119);江苏海上风电场水域生态过程与减碳增汇研究(JSZRHYKJ202312).

摘　　要：实施海上风电和光伏工程项目是实现双碳目标的重要途径之一,而其对周围环境产生的视觉质量影响是阻碍其实施的一个重要因素,文章尝试将景观敏感度(Sa)应用到海上工程,以此量化海上风电和光伏工程的景观视觉质量影响。结果表明:(1)取海上风电场工程的风机轮毂高度离海平面距离为200 m,场区离岸30 km时,景观敏感度Sa=0.00067,位于远景带景观,在人的视野中基本只呈现风机的轮廓;(2)取海上光伏工程光伏阵列板离海平面高度为10 m,场区离岸200 m时,景观敏感度Sa=0.05,位于远景带景观,在人的视野中基本只呈现光伏阵列的轮廓;(3)取离岸500 m,相对视高分别为0 m、50 m以及100 m对海上风电工程和海上光伏工程的景观敏感度进行分析,海上风电工程Sa随着高度增加而减少,海上光伏工程Sa随着高度增加而增加,但都处于较低的景观敏感值。在目前国家政策对海上风电和海上光伏项目离岸距离的要求下,风机和光伏阵列板等要素被弱化,大大减少了风机和光伏阵列对人的视觉冲击。The implementation of ofishore wind power and photovoltaic projects is one of the im-portant ways to realize the dual-carbon goal,but its visual impact on the surrounding environ-ment is an important lactor hindering its implementation.This paper tries to apply seascape sen-sitivity(Sa)on olishore projects to quantify the visual impact generated by of lshore windpower and photovoltaic projects.The results show that(l)taking offshore wind power project'sturbine hub height away from the sea level distance of 200 m.and 30 km away from the field area,the Sa in the lower value of 0.00067,is located in the vista zone seascape.In the human lield of view hasically only presents the outline of the turbine;(2)take the ofishore photovoltaic projectphotovoltaic array panels from the sea level height of 10 m,and in the 200 m away Irom theshore,the Sa=0.05,in the lower value,has been located in the vista belt seascape.In the hu-man vision of the field of view basically only presents the outline of the photovoItaic array;(3)When offshore distance was taken as 500 m,the relative visual height of view was taken as 0 m.50 m and 100 m on the offshore wind power project and ofishore photovoltaic project,the valueof ofishore wind power project's Sa decrease with the relative visual height increase,and thevalue of offshore photovoltaic project's Sa increase with the relative visual height increase,butare both in the lower seascape sensitive values.Under the current requirement of lshore dis-tance lor offshore wind power and oflshore photovoltaic projects,elements such as turbine huband photovoltaic array panels are weakened,which greatly reduces the visual impact on people.

关 键 词：海上风电 海上光伏 景观敏感度 相对坡度 相对视距 相对视高 

分 类 号：P752[天文地球—海洋科学]