单向玻璃纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料成型极限试验研究  

Experimental study on the forming limit of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites

作　　者：亓昌 武鹏程 盈亮 杨姝[1,2] QI Chang;WU Pengcheng;YING Liang;YANG Shu(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology,Ningbo 315016,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,大连116024 [2]大连理工大学宁波研究院,宁波315016

出　　处：《复合材料科学与工程》2025年第3期46-53,共8页Composites Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFB2503503)。

摘　　要：本研究探讨了单向玻璃纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料的成型极限,旨在为玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料层板的工艺设计和失效行为预测提供参考。首先,采用连续玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺6单向带,按照[0/90]4的铺层方式,通过热模压制备厚度为1.80 mm的GFRP层板;其次,基于Nakajima成型极限试验,对比了钟形试样与改型缺口试样的失效形式;最后,确定了适用于GFRP层板成型极限研究的试样,并通过构建成型极限曲线表征了其成型性能。试验结果表明:随着试样宽度的增加,受力状态和变形模式由单轴拉伸向双轴拉伸转变;试样表现出三种典型的失效模式,包括纤维拉伸断裂、纤维拔出断裂以及弯曲剪切耦合断裂;试样呈现脆性断裂特征,且在断裂前未出现颈缩现象,需通过散点分布构建成型极限曲线;与传统钟形试样相比,缺口试样更适用于纤维增强复合材料的成型极限试验研究。In this study,the forming limits of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites were discussed,aiming to provide a reference for the forming process design and failure behavior prediction.Firstly,the GFRP laminate with a thickness of 1.80 mm was prepared by hot molding with a continuous unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 belt at a ply angle of[0/90]4.Secondly,the failure modes of the bell specimens and the modified notched specimens were compared based on the Nakajima forming limit test.Finally,the specimen suitable for the study of the forming limit of the GFRP laminate was determined,and the forming performance was characterized by constructing the forming limit curve.The test results show that with the increase of the width of the specimens,the stress state and deformation mode change from uniaxial tensile to biaxial tensile mode.The specimens exhibit three typical failure modes,including fiber tensile fracture,fiber pull-out fracture,and bending-shear coupling fracture modes.The specimens showed the characteristics of brittle fracture,and there was no necking phenomenon before fracture,so the forming limit curve shall be constructed through scatter distribution.Compared with the traditional bell specimens,the notched specimens are more suitable for the experimental study of the forming limit of fiber reinforced composites.

关 键 词：单向玻璃纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料 Nakajima试验 成型极限曲线 试样改型 失效模式 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]