业余跑者跑步经济性与下肢运动学和时空步态特征的相关性研究  

Relationship of running economy with lower-limb kinematics and spatiotemporal gait characteristics in recreational runners

作　　者：陈诗琴 杨洋 张勤 丁海勇 李斐 CHEN Shiqin;YANG Yang;ZHANG Qin;DING Haiyong;LI Fei(School of Athletes Performance,Shanghai University of Sport,200438 Shanghai,China;School of Exercise and Health,Shanghai University of Sport,200438 Shanghai,China;School of Physical Education,Shanghai University of Sport,200438 Shanghai,China;Shanghai Key Lab of Human Performance,Shanghai University of Sport,200438 Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学竞技运动学院,上海200438 [2]上海体育大学运动健康学院,上海200438 [3]上海体育大学体育教育学院,上海200438 [4]上海体育大学上海市人类运动能力开发与保障重点实验室,上海200438

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2025年第2期473-482,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(No.23CTY019)。

摘　　要：目的探究业余跑者跑步经济性(running economy,RE)与下肢矢状面运动学和时空步态特征的关系。方法招募30名男性业余跑者,运用便携式气体代谢仪测定10、12 km/h时的RE;三维动作捕捉系统和三维测力台获得髋、膝、踝矢状面关节角度、触地时间、腾空时间、触地指数、步频和步长指标。采用皮尔逊双变量相关探究上述指标与RE之间的相关性。结果12 km/h时的RE与触地时踝背屈角度,离地时髋、膝屈曲角度,支撑阶段髋屈曲峰值,腾空阶段髋、膝、踝屈曲/背屈峰值(r=0.367~0.423,P<0.05)呈中等相关;10、12 km/h时的RE与支撑阶段踝背屈峰值(r=0.397,P=0.030;r=0.383,P=0.037)呈中等相关;10 km/h时的RE与腾空阶段膝屈曲峰值、膝伸展范围、触地时间、腾空时间和触地指数(r=-0.451~0.457,P<0.05)呈中等相关。结论触地时较小的踝背屈角度,离地时较小的髋、膝屈曲角度,支撑阶段较低的髋、踝屈曲/背屈峰值,腾空阶段髋、膝、踝屈曲/背屈峰值的减少以及腾空阶段膝关节较小的伸展范围有利于改善业余跑者的RE。此外,低速度下较长的触地时间以及通过增加触地指数可能是业余跑者改善RE的一种有效策略。Purpose To explore the relationship between running economy(RE),lower-limb sagittal plane kinematics,and spatiotemporal gait characteristics in recreational runners.Method Thirty male recreational runners were recruited.The portable metabolic analyser was used to test RE at 10 and 12 km/h.A three-dimensional motion capture system and three-dimensional force plate were applied to obtain hip,knee,and ankle sagittal plane joint angles,contact time,flight time,duty factor,stride frequency,and stride length.Pearson's bivariate correlation was used to identify the correlation between the above indicators and RE.Results Pearson's correlation coefficients analysis found that RE at 12 km/h was moderately correlated with ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike,hip and knee flexion at toe-off,peak hip flexion during the stance phase,and peak hip,knee,and ankle flexion/dorsiflexion during the flight phase(r=0.367~0.423,P<0.05).The peak ankle dorsiflexion during the contact phase(r=0.397,P=0.030;r=0.383,P=0.037)was moderately correlated with RE at 10 and 12 km/h.The peak knee flexion,knee extension range of motion,contact time,flight time,and duty factor(r=-0.451~0.457,P<0.05)were moderately correlated with RE at 10 km/h.Conclusion Smaller ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike,smaller hip,and knee flexion at toe-off,lower peak hip and ankle flexion(dorsiflexion)during the stance phase,reduced peak hip,knee,and ankle flexion(dorsiflexion)during the flight phase and smaller knee extension range of motion during the flight phase are beneficial to improving RE in recreational runners.Furthermore,longer contact time at low speeds and increasing the duty factor are probably effective strategies for recreational runners to improve RE.

关 键 词：运动人体科学 业余跑者 跑步经济性 生物力学特征 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]