不同粗饲料与全株玉米青贮组合对肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵功能的影响  

Effects of different roughages and whole-plant corn silage on growth performance,nutrients apparent digestibility,and rumen fermentation function of beef cattle

作　　者：曹健 王金明[1] 王志龙 柴绍芳 CAO Jian;WANG Jinming;WANG Zhilong;CHAI Shaofang

机构地区：[1]酒泉职业技术学院,甘肃酒泉735000 [2]酒泉市畜牧兽医总站,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第4期13-17,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划资助甘肃省科技厅民生科技专项乡村振兴专题(项目编号:21CX6NF232);酒泉市科技支撑计划项目(项目编号:2023CA3003、2024CB1069)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究不同粗饲料与全株玉米青贮组合对西门塔尔肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵参数的影响,确定肉牛养殖中适宜的粗饲料组合。试验选取60头体重约400kg、体况良好且健康的西门塔尔肉牛,随机分成5组,每组12个重复,每个重复1头牛。各试验组粗饲料由玉米秸秆、花生秧、苜蓿、谷草和麦秸分别与全株玉米青贮组成,二者配比为2∶3。预试期1 w,正式试验期90 d。结果表明,与玉米秸秆组组比,花生秧组和苜蓿组西门塔尔肉牛的试验末重、总增重显著升高(P<0.05),苜蓿组肉牛平均日增重显著增加(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05),花生秧组和苜蓿组西门塔尔肉牛对干物质的表观消化率显著增加(P<0.05),苜蓿组总能的表观消化率显著增加(P<0.05),花生秧组和苜蓿组粗蛋白的表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05),谷草组、花生秧组和苜蓿组的中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著增加(P<0.05),苜蓿组酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05),花生秧组和苜蓿组粗脂肪的表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05),花生秧组和苜蓿组西门塔尔肉牛瘤胃菌体蛋白含量显著增加(P<0.05),且苜蓿组菌体蛋白含量高于花生秧组(P<0.05),花生秧组和苜蓿组肉牛瘤胃氨态氮含量显著增加(P<0.05),麦秸组瘤胃氨态氮含量显著降低(P<0.05),谷草组、花生秧组和苜蓿组瘤胃乙酸含量显著增加(P<0.05),花生秧组和苜蓿组瘤胃丙酸含量显著增加(P<0.05),花生秧组和苜蓿组乙丙比显著降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,全株玉米青贮与苜蓿组合肉牛的生产性能较佳,而全株玉米青贮与麦秸组合肉牛的生产性能较差。The experiment aims to study the effects of whole-plant corn silage combined with different roughages on the growth performance,nutrients apparent digestibility,and rumen fermentation parameters of Simmental beef cattle,in order to determine the most suitable roughage combination for beef cattle farming.Sixty healthy Simmental beef cattle with a body weight of about 400 kg in good condition were selected and randomly divided into five groups,with 12 replicates per group and one beef cattle per replicate.The roughage of the experimental groups was composed of corn stalk,peanut seedling,alfalfa,grain grass and wheat straw and whole corn silage,respectively,and the ratio of the two was 2∶3.The pretrial period was one week,and the formal trial period was 90 days.The results showed that compared with the corn stalk group,the final weight and total weight gain of Simmental beef cattle in the peanut vine group and alfalfa group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the average daily weight gain of beef cattle in the alfalfa group significantly increased(P<0.05),the feed-to-weight ratio significantly decreased(P<0.05),the apparent digestibility of dry matter in the peanut vine group and alfalfa group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the total energy apparent digestibility in the alfalfa group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the crude protein apparent digestibility in the peanut vine group and alfalfa group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the neutral detergent fiber apparent digestibility in the oat straw group,peanut vine group,and alfalfa group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the acid detergent fiber apparent digestibility in the alfalfa group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the crude fat apparent digestibility in the peanut vine group and alfalfa group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the rumen microbial protein concentration in the peanut vine group and alfalfa group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the microbial protein concentration in the alfalfa group was higher than that in the peanu

关 键 词：西门塔尔肉牛 全株玉米青贮 养分表观消化率 瘤胃发酵参数 不同粗饲料 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]