舍饲、放牧条件对双峰驼泌乳性能及血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of house feeding and grazing conditions on lactation performance and serum biochemical indicators of Bactrian camels

作　　者：李文 潘伊微 梅洋 托合提·帕孜 罗生金 LI Wen;PAN Yiwei;MEI Yang;TUOHETI Pazi;LUO Shengjin

机构地区：[1]哈密市畜牧工作站,新疆哈密839000 [2]伊吾县畜牧工作服务中心,新疆哈密839300

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第5期12-16,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：新疆农业科技推广与服务项目(项目编号:NTFW-2024-12);新疆“天山英才”培养计划“‘三农’骨干人才”项目(项目编号:2023SNGGNT030);国家农业标准化示范区建设项目(项目编号:SFQ11-100);哈密市科技研究与技术开发计划项目(项目编号:hmkjjh202312)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究舍饲、放牧+补饲条件对双峰驼泌乳性能及血清生化指标的影响,试验将100峰健康泌乳期骆驼随机分为2组,每组50个重复,每个重复1峰。对照组(A组)采用舍饲,试验组(B组)采用放牧+补饲。试验期4个月。结果显示,A组和B组双峰驼7月平均日产奶量处于最高峰,7月以后产奶量呈递减趋势;整个试验期内,A组平均日产奶量均高于B组。A组驼奶收入极显著高于B组(P<0.01),驼奶利润显著高于B组(P<0.05)。7月A组驼奶非脂乳固体率极显著高于B组(P<0.01),灰分率、乳糖率显著高于B组(P<0.05);8月A组乳脂率显著低于B组(P<0.05);9月A组非脂乳固体率显著高于B组(P<0.05),灰分率极显著高于B组(P<0.01)。非脂乳固体率与灰分率、乳糖率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),乳蛋白率与灰分率、乳糖率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),灰分率与乳糖率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。B组血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)含量极显著高于A组(P<0.01),葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著高于A组(P<0.05)。研究表明,放牧+补饲的饲养模式可增强骆驼抗病能力,但在养殖场配套设施设备允许的条件下,饲养者可通过舍饲养殖增加养殖收益,乳成分的变化与产奶量、饲养方式密切相关。This study aimed to investigate the effects of house feeding and grazing+supplementary feeding conditions on the lactation performance and serum biochemical indicators of Bactrian camels.A total of 100 healthy lactating camels were randomly divided into two groups,with 50 replicates per group and one camel in each replicate.The control group(group A)was fed in a house,and the experimental group(group B)was fed with grazing+supplementary feeding.The trial lasted for four months.The results showed that the average daily milk yield of Bactrian camels in group A and group B was the highest in July,and the milk yield showed a decreasing trend after July.The average daily milk yield of group A was higher than that of group B.The income of camel milk in group A was extremely higher than that in group B(P<0.01),and the profit of camel milk in group B was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.05).In July,the nonfat milk solids rate of camel milk in group A was extremely higher than that in group B(P<0.01),and the ash and lactose concentrations in group A were significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.05).The milk fat percentage of group A was significantly lower than that of group B in August(P<0.05).In September,the non-fat milk solids rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B(P<0.05),and the ash rate of group A was extremely higher than that of group B(P<0.01).Non-fat milk solids rate was positively correlated with ash rate and lactose rate(P<0.01),milk protein rate was positively correlated with ash rate and lactose rate(P<0.01),and ash rate was positively correlated with lactose rate(P<0.01).The concentrations of serum total protein(TP)and albumin(ALB)in group B were extremely higher than those in group A(P<0.01),and the content of glucose(GLU)in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.05).The study indicates that the grazing+supplementary feeding mode can enhance the disease resistance of camels,but under the conditions allowed by the supporting facilities and equipme

关 键 词：双峰驼 产乳量 乳成分 血清生化指标 舍饲 放牧 

分 类 号：S824[农业科学—畜牧学]