不同水源对凡纳滨对虾生长性能及生理生化指标的影响  

Effects of different water sources on growth performance and physiological and biochemical indexes of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：蔡树东 王万兴 赵龙飞 李文 韩煜茹 CAI Shudong;WANG Wanxing;ZHAO Longfei;LI Wen;HAN Yuru

机构地区：[1]哈密市畜牧工作站,新疆哈密839000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第5期59-65,共7页Feed Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区人才发展项目;新疆维吾尔自治区科技特派员农村科技创业行动项目(项目编号:2022BKF239)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究土塘淡水养殖条件下不同水源对凡纳滨对虾生长性能及生理生化指标的影响。试验选取哈密市某合作社的两口池塘为试验池,1-1#池塘养殖用水为水库水,2-1#池塘养殖用水为地下井水。试验期间每天开展两次水质检测,虾苗完成淡化标粗后放入露天池塘进行养殖,在两口试验池沿边分别设置一口小池,各投放体长、体质量相近的凡纳滨对虾1000尾,每15 d测定对虾的体长、体重等生长性能指标。试验期为90 d。结果显示,整个养殖周期,两口池塘水温呈现先升高后下降的趋势、溶解氧、pH值及硬度相对稳定,2-1#池塘的氨氮、亚硝酸盐含量相对稳定,随着养殖时间的延长,1-1#池塘水体中氨氮、亚硝酸盐在养殖后期有所升高。两口池塘对虾的体长、体重、体长特定生长率、增长率、体重特定生长率、增重率等变化规律基本一致,2-1#池塘对虾的末体长、末重、增长率、增重率、体长特定生长率均高于1-1#池塘,差异不显著(P>0.05),2-1#池塘对虾的体重特定生长率显著高于1-1#池塘(P<0.05);两口池塘对虾血清白蛋白、过氧化氢酶、溶菌酶、谷丙转氨酶、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、溶菌酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶等指标差异均不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,在新疆哈密市利用地下井水和水库水均可养殖凡纳滨对虾,但地下井水养殖凡纳滨对虾效果优于水库水养殖。The experiment was designed to investigate the effects of different water sources on the growth performance and physiological and biochemical indexes of Litopenaeus vannamei under freshwater pond culture conditions.Two ponds from a cooperative in Hami City were selected as experimental ponds.Pond 1-1#was supplied with reservoir water,while pond 2-1#was supplied with groundwater from a well.During the experimental period,water quality was tested twice daily.After the shrimp larvae completed the acclimatization and hardening process,they were stocked into the open ponds for culture.A small pond was set up along the edge of each experimental pond,and 1000 Litopenaeus vannamei with similar body length and weight were stocked in each small pond.The growth performance indicators,such as body length and weight,were measured every 15 days,with a measurement cycle of 90 days.The results showed that during the entire culture period,the water temperature in both ponds first increased and then decreased,while the dissolved oxygen,pH,and hardness remained relatively stable.The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite levels in pond 2-1#were relatively stable.In pond 1-1#,the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite levels in the water increased in the later stages of culture as the culture time extended.The changes in body length,weight,specific growth rate of body length,growth rate,specific growth rate of body weight,and weight gain rate of the shrimp in both ponds were generally consistent across different measurement stages.The final body length,final weight,growth rate,weight gain rate,and specific growth rate of body length of the shrimp in pond 2-1#were higher than those in pond 1-1#,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).The specific growth rate of body weight of the shrimp in pond 2-1#was significantly higher than that in pond 1-1#(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the serum albumin,catalase,lysozyme,alanine aminotransferase,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,catalase,lysozyme,acid

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 生长性能 生理生化指标 不同水源 

分 类 号：S968[农业科学—水产养殖]