不同添加剂对全株大豆青贮品质的影响  

Effects of different additives on silage quality of whole-plant soybean

作　　者：张金霞 耿智广 李峰 刘雨田 徐振飞 施海娜 ZHANG Jinxia;GENG Zhiguang;LI Feng;LIU Yutian;XU Zhenfei;SHI Haina

机构地区：[1]庆阳市农业科学研究院,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第5期138-143,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：庆阳市科技计划项目-B类;2024年甘肃省农业农村厅种业攻关项目计划任务(项目编号:GYGG-2024-6);甘肃省科技厅高端外国专家引进计划项目(项目编号:23JDKM001);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(项目编号:24ZYQA02201)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探讨不同添加剂对全株大豆青贮发酵品质的影响。研究采用不同添加剂处理全株大豆制作青贮,设置4组,每组3个重复。对照组不添加添加剂,处理1组、处理2组和处理3组分别添加0.05 mL/kg乳酸菌、0.10 mL/kg纤维酶和0.10 mL/kg乳酸菌混合剂。青贮65 d。结果显示,处理组全株大豆青贮的感官评分为17.67~18.45,均高于对照组,为优良青贮饲料。处理2组青贮的颜色、嗅觉评分和总评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。所有处理组青贮的营养成分和微量元素含量与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。处理1组青贮的30 h无灰未消化中性洗涤纤维(uNDF 30)含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),120 h uNDF 120含量显著低于处理3组(P<0.05),240 h uNDF 240含量显著低于对照组和处理3组(P<0.05)。处理1组青贮的油酸(C18∶1)、亚油酸(C18∶2)含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05),总脂肪酸(TFA)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),亚麻酸(C18∶3)含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05);全株大豆青贮后单宁含量极显著降低(P<0.01),各组单宁含量降幅为67.65%~80.15%,处理3组青贮的单宁含量仅为0.54 mg/g,显著低于处理2组(P<0.05)。研究表明,添加纤维素酶的全株大豆青贮发酵效果较好。This study aimed to investigate the effects of different additives on the fermentation quality of whole-plant soybean silage.The study used different additives to treat whole-plant soybean for silage,with four groups set up,each having three replicates.The control group received no additives,while treatment 1,treatment 2,and treatment 3 groups were supplemented with 0.05 mL/kg lactic acid bacteria,0.10 mL/kg cellulase,and 0.10 mL/kg lactic acid bacteria mixture,respectively.The silage was fermented for 65 days.The results showed that the sensory scores of whole-plant of soybean silage in treatment groups ranged from 17.67 to 18.45,all higher than the control group,indicating high-quality silage.The color,odor,and total sensory scores of treatment 2 silage were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The concentrations of nutrients and trace elements in silage in all treatment groups were not significantly different from those in control group(P>0.05).The ash-free undigested neutral detergent fiber content at 30 h(uNDF 30)in treatment 1 silage was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05),while uNDF content at 120 h(uNDF 120)was significantly lower than treatment 3(P<0.05),and uNDF content at 240 h(uNDF 240)was significantly lower than the control and treatment 3 groups(P<0.05).The oleic acid(C18∶1)and linoleic acid(C18∶2)contents in treatment 1 silage were significantly lower than other groups(P<0.05),with total fatty acid(TFA)content significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05),but linolenic acid(C18∶3)content was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05).The tannin content of whole soybean silage was extremely decreased(P<0.01),with reductions of 67.65%~80.15%across groups.Treatment 3 silage had the lowest tannin content(0.54 mg/g),significantly lower than the treatment 2 group(P<0.05).The study indicates that whole soybean silage added with cellulase has a better fermentation effect.

关 键 词：全株大豆 添加剂 青贮品质 发酵品质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]