社会组织转型社会企业过程模型:一项多案例研究  

Model of Path of Social Organizations Transforming into Social Enterprises:Based on Embedded Multi-Case Analysis

作　　者：苗青[1] 尹晖 Miao Qing;Yin Hui

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院,杭州310058 [2]浙大宁波理工学院商学院,宁波315100

出　　处：《公益研究》2025年第1期104-119,138,共17页

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“发挥第三次分配作用促进慈善事业健康发展研究”(编号:21&ZD184)。

摘　　要：转型社会企业是社会组织在资源约束下的变革式生存策略,能够有效地增强社会组织的可持续性,引起全球范围内社会组织的高度关注。如何从社会组织转型为社会企业,仍是一个未得到充分论证的命题。文章立足我国当前社会企业配套制度尚不健全的现实,遵循结构行动理论的脚本分析框架,按照转型动因、转型路径和转型效果等方面对四家由社会组织转型而来的社会企业进行分析。研究发现:(1)转型社会企业的社会组织面临缺乏经济持续性、法律合法性、组织专业性的三大结构性困境。(2)社会组织转型社会企业经过组织目标协调、业务领域融合、资产反哺社会三个螺旋上升发展过程,在行动过程中转变组织形态。(3)社会组织转型社会企业促使组织成员提高积极性,增强组织财务可持续性,提高社会资源整合效率。文章对破解社会组织发展难题、创新社会组织运行方式及促进我国社会企业发展具有借鉴意义。Transforming into social enterprises is a transformative survival strategy for social organizations under resource constraints,which can effectively enhance the sustainability of social organizations and has attracted a great deal of attention from social organizations globally.But how to transform from a social organization in to a social enterprise?This is still an under-argued proposition.This study follows the script analysis framework of the structural action theory and analyzes four social enterprises transformed from social organizations according to three aspects,namely,transformation motivation,transformation path,and transformation effect.The study finds that:(1)social organizations transforming into social enterprises face three major structural dilemmas,namely,the lack of economic sustainability,legal legitimacy,and organizational professionalism;(2)social organizations transforming into social enterprises go through the three spiraling processes of coordinating organizational goals,integrating business fields,and feeding the society with their assets,and transforming their organizational forms in the course of their actions.(3)the transformation of social organizations into social enterprises has led to the improvement of the motivation of organizational members,the enhancement of the financial sustainability of the organization,and the improvement of the efficiency of the integration of social resources.This study is of great significance in solving the development problems of social organizations,innovating the operation mode of social organizations and promoting the development of social enterprises in China.

关 键 词：社会组织 社会企业 组织转型 多案例 

分 类 号：C912.2[经济管理]