一体与多元之间:全面抗战时期藏族人士的“中华民族”观念  

Between Unity and Diversity:The Idea of"Chinese Nation"among the Tibetans during the Full-scale Anti-Japanese War

作　　者：励轩[1] LI Xuan

机构地区：[1]四川大学,四川成都610064

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2025年第1期1-6,共6页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：四川省哲学社会科学基金重大项目“跨文化视野下的‘中华民族’概念史研究”(批准号:SCJJ23ND11);中国历史研究院“兰台青年学者计划”(批准号:2024LTQN604)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：全面抗战爆发前,一些旅居内地的藏族宗教、政治与文化精英已频繁接触“中华民族”概念与话语,形成了多元一体式的“中华民族”观念。随着全面抗战爆发,藏族人士对“中华民族”相关概念的使用更为频繁,并且超越了地域与派系界限,来自卫藏、康和安多的藏族人士均自觉运用起“中华民族”概念与话语,强调中华民族的一体性,表达与各族人民团结抗战的决心。不过与当时国统区盛行的中华民族一元一体论调不同,一些藏族人士并不认为中华民族建设要以否定各个民族的民族地位为代价,他们在肯定中华民族一体性的同时,也发出要求尊重中华民族多元性的声音,并在抗战胜利前夕联合其他少数民族人士共同推动国家认同建设理念的转向。Before the outbreak of the Full-scale Anti-Japanese War,some Tibetans religious,political,and cultural elites living in the interior had already been frequently exposed to the concept and discourse of the"Chinese nation",forming a pluralistic and integrated idea of the"Chinese nation".With the outbreak of the Full-scale Anti-Japanese War,some Tibetans made more frequent use of the concept of the"Chinese nation"and transcended the boundaries of geography and faction,with some Tibetans fromü-Tsang,Kham,and Amdo consciously applying the concept and discourse of the"Chinese nation",emphasizing the unity of the Chinese nation,and expressing their support for the Chinese nation.They emphasized the unity of the Chinese nation and expressed their determination to unite with all ethnic groups in the war.However,unlike the prevalent discourse of the Chinese nation as a monolithic entity in the Kuomintang-administered area at the time,some Tibetans did not believe that the construction of the Chinese nation was to be achieved at the expense of denying the minzu status of each ethnic group.While affirming the unity of the Chinese nation,they also raised their voices to call for respect for the plurality of the Chinese nation,and on the eve of the victory in the War,they joined forces with other ethnic minorities to push for a shift in the concept of national identity construction.

关 键 词：中华民族 藏族 多元一体 一元一体 全面抗战 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]