我国高纬度地区北斗三代系统格网RTK定位性能分析  

Analysis of RTK positioning performance of third generation Beidou system grid in high latitude area of China

作　　者：王艺希 张雪松 WANG Yixi;Zhang Xuesong(School of Surveying and Mapping Engineering,Heilongjiang Institute of Technology,Harbin 150050,China;Heilongjiang Institute of Geographic Information Engineering,Harbin 150086,China;College of Geomatics and Geography,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江工程学院测绘工程学院,哈尔滨150050 [2]黑龙江地理信息工程院,哈尔滨150086 [3]辽宁工程技术大学测绘与地理科学学院,阜新123000

出　　处：《黑龙江工程学院学报》2025年第2期38-43,共6页Journal of Heilongjiang Institute of Technology

基　　金：黑龙江工程学院青年科学基金项目(2019QJ02)。

摘　　要：虚拟参考站技术在我国卫星导航基准站网络系统中得到了广泛的应用,但传统的VRS技术存在并发用户数量受限的问题,针对此问题,提出一种基于北斗三代系统的格网化RTK定位方法。首先介绍格网虚拟观测值的生成方法、基于卡尔曼滤波方法的参数估计模型以及格网RTK定位基本原理,并以黑龙江省为例,分别对高纬度地区北斗三代系统格网RTK定位静态、动态定位性能进行分析。其中,静态测试格网大小按照经纬度10′×10′、5′×5′、2′×2′、1′×1′进行划分,根据定位结果表明,按照10′×10′进行格网划分定位精度较差,按照1′×1′进行格网划分服务器压力负载过大,应优先考虑格网大小按照5′×5′、2′×2′划分;动态测试结果表明北斗三代系统格网RTK动态定位符合实际运动轨迹,且与传统网络RTK定位轨迹基本重合,能够满足动态高精度定位需求。Virtual Reference Station(VRS)has been widely used in China’s satellite navigation reference station network system,but the traditional VRS technology has the problem of limited number of concurrent users.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a grid RTK positioning method based on the third generation Beidou system.Firstly,the generating method of grid virtual observations and the basic principle of RTK positioning based on Kalman filter are introduced,and the static and dynamic positioning performance of RTK positioning of Beidou third-generation system in high latitude region is analyzed by taking Heilongjiang Province as an example.The static test grid size is divided according to latitude and longitude 10′×10′,5′×5′,2′×2′,1′×1′.According to the positioning results,the positioning accuracy is poor when the grid size is divided according to 10′×10′,and the server pressure load is too large when the grid size is divided according to 1′×1′.Priority should be given to dividing the grid size according to 5′×5′and 2′×2′.The dynamic test results show that the dynamic positioning of the grid RTK of the third generation Beidou system conforms to the actual motion trajectory,and basically coincides with the positioning trajectory of the traditional network RTK,which can meet the dynamic high-precision positioning requirements.

关 键 词：高纬度 北斗三代系统 格网RTK 卡尔曼滤波 性能分析 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]